ARPN Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences                         ISSN 1819-6608
 
 
 
ARPN Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences               October  2006  | Vol.1  No.3
Title:

Performance analysis of solar driven heat engine with internal irreversibilities under maximum power and power density condition

Author (s):

A. Biswas, K. M. Pandey and R. Deb

Abstract:

Thermodynamic optimizations based on the maximum power and maximum power density criteria have been performed for a solar-driven heat engine with internal irreversibilities. In the analysis, it is assumed that the heat transfer from the hot reservoir is to be in the radiation mode and the heat transfer to the cold reservoir is to be in the convection mode. The power and power density functions have been derived, and maximization of these functions has been performed for various design and operating parameters. The obtained results for the maximum power and power density conditions have been compared.

 
 
 
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Title: Primitive variable approach to calculate separation point in laminar boundary layer along a flat plate
Author (s):

Md. Tanvir Rahman Faisal and A. K. M. S. Islam

Abstract:

Primitive variable approach has been used to model the Navier Stokes Equation. This is the method by which one can see what is going on in boundary layer. In the present work that primitive variable approach is considered to calculate incompressible, steady state laminar boundary layer along a flat plate with different flow conditions. This approach uses implicit finite difference method which consists of replacing the partial derivatives with respect to flow direction by finite differences. As a result the partial differential equations are approximated by ordinary differential equations. This method is capable of solving any flow problem for which the boundary layer equations remain valid. This implicit finite difference scheme is advantageous comparing to explicit finite difference scheme because the results are unconditionally stable regardless the step size. In the present work, the method is used to compute accurately the separation points of flow.

 
 
 
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Title:

Combined free and forced convection inside a two-dimensional multiple ventilated rectangular enclosure

Author (s):

Sumon Saha, Goutam Saha, Mohammad Ali and Md. Quamrul Islam

Abstract:

Combined free convection and forced convection from a flush-mounted uniform heat source on the bottom of a horizontal rectangular enclosure with side openings is studied numerically. The inlet opening allows an externally induced air stream at the ambient temperature to flow through the cavity and exits from another two openings placed top of the both side walls. Two-dimensional forms of Navier-Stokes equations are solved by using control volume based finite element technique. Three typical values of the Reynolds numbers, based on the enclosure height, are chosen as Re = 50, 100 and 200, and steady, laminar results are obtained in the range of Richardson number as 0 ≤ Ri ≤ 10 and a fixed Prandtl number of 0.71. The parametric studies for a wide range of governing parameters show consistent performance of the present numerical approach to obtain as stream functions and temperature profiles. Heat transfer rates at the heated walls are presented in terms of average Nusselt numbers. The computational results indicate that the heat transfer coefficient is strongly affected by Reynolds number and Richardson number. An empirical correlation is developed by using Nusselt number, Reynolds number and Richardson number.

 
 
 
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Title:

Stochastic modeling of monthly rainfall at Kota region

Author (s):

S. R. Bhakar, Raj Vir Singh, Neeraj Chhajed and Anil Kumar Bansal

Abstract:

A study on stochastic modeling for rainfall was undertaken using 35 years (1987–2003) data of Kota region. The performed statistical tests indicated that the series of the monthly rainfall data was trend free. The periodic component of monthly rainfall could be represented by third harmonic expression. The stochastic components of the monthly rainfall followed first order Markov model. Validation of generated monthly rainfall series was done by comparison of generated and measured series. The correlation coefficient between generated and measured rainfall series was found to be 0.9961. The correlation was tested by t-test and found to be highly significant at 1 per cent level. The regression equation is very near to 1:1 line. Therefore, developed model could be used for future prediction of monthly rainfall.

 
 
 
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Title:

Study and simulation of competitive sorption of 2,4-d and phenol on waste tyre rubber granules

Author (s):

Md. Jahir Bin Alam, R. K. Chowdhuary, M. M. Hasan, A. Huda and S. Sobhan

Abstract:

Batch study for sorption of 2,4-D and phenol on waste tyre rubber granules (WTRG) were carried out for checking feasibility of rubber granules as adsorbent. After 100 minutes of reaction time, it was evident that the kinetics profiles gradually became horizontal indicating the final equilibrium. The removal of 2,4-D and phenol beyond 120 was very low. The removal was 83.2% and 87% in 2hr at 0.75mg/l and 0.4mg/l, respectively for 2,4-D.  The removal was 53.2% and 58.7% in 2hr at 0.75 mg/l and 0.4mg/l, respectively for phenol.  It is clear from the analysis that Freundlich model fitted well with the experimental data and predicted amount of absorbed well in bi-solute. 

 
 
 
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Title:

Effect of high pressure coolant on chip, roundness deviation and tool wear in drilling AISI-4340 steel

Author (s):

N. R. Dhar, M. H. Rashid and A.T. Siddiqui

Abstract:

Hole making had long been recognized as the most prominent machining process, requiring specialized techniques to achieve optimum cutting condition. Drilling can be described as a process where a multi-point tool is used to remove unwanted materials to produce a desired hole. It broadly covers those methods used for producing cylindrical holes in the work piece. However, high production machining and drilling with high cutting velocity, feed and depth of cut is inherently associated with generation of large amount of heat and high cutting temperature. Such high cutting temperature not only reduces dimensional accuracy and tool life but also impairs the surface integrity of the product. In this case, high-pressure coolant (HPC) is very effective to reduce temperature. When temperature is increased a large amount of tool wear appears at the drill bit. In this situation, high temperature either affects roundness of the hole or chip shape and color of chip. HPC is applied in the same direction as the drill bit. HPC has reduced temperature as well as improving roundness and also provide lubrication in the tool tip and surface interface.

 
 
 
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Title:

Possible use of fly ash generated from Barapukeria Power Plant for sustainability

Author (s):

Md. Jahir Bin Alam, A. S. M. A. Awal, M. J. B. Alam, A. Hasan, B. K. Banik, S. Islam and M. M. Hasan

Abstract:

Fly ash is extensively used in concrete as an admixture in order to reduce cost of cement. For sustainability in production of cement in Bangladesh, feasibility of fly ash generated from Barapukoria Power Plant was tested. This was used as an admixture with Shah Special cement in different proportion in order to reduce cost of cement and environmental pollution such as green house effect, problem of fly ash as solid waste. Laboratory test for different parameters such as compressive strength, workability of such mixtures were performed. The results show almost no sacrifice for the strength of cement due to mixture of fly ash with a proportion of 10%. The results show that curing of the even plain concrete in chloride environment is not desirable right from the time of demoulding.

 
 
           
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Title:

Frequency analysis of consecutive days maximum rainfall at Banswara, Rajasthan, India

Author (s):

S. R. Bhakar, Anil Kumar Bansal, Neeraj Chhajed and R. C. Purohit

Abstract:

Annual one day maximum rainfall and two to five days consecutive days maximum rainfall corresponding to return period varying from 2 to 100 years are used by design engineers and hydrologists for the economic planning, design of small and medium hydrologic structures and determination of drainage coefficient for agricultural fields. A maximum of 154.31mm in 1 day, 250.88mm in 2 days, 270.15mm in 3 days, 284.18mm in 4 days and 295.54mm in 5 days is expected to occur at Udaipur, Rajasthan every 2 years. For a recurrence interval of 100 years, the maximum rainfall expected in 1 day, 2, 3, 4 and 5 days is 773.6mm, 849.34mm, 874.19mm, 931.78mm and 957.89mm, respectively. The magnitudes of 1 day as well as 2 to 5 consecutive days annual maximum rainfall corresponding to 2 to 100 years return period were estimated using Gamma function. Various probability distributions and Transformations can be applied to estimate one day and two to five consecutive days annual maximum rainfall of various return periods. Three commonly used probability distributions (viz: Normal, Log Normal and Gamma distribution) were tested by comparing the Chi-square value. Gamma distribution was found to be best fit for the region.

 
 
           
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Title:

Socio-cultural evaluation of sanitation hygiene in Sylhet city of Bangladesh

Author (s):

M. Ahmed, M. A. Hoque, M. S. K. A. Sarkar, M. A. I. Chowdhury, A. Begum

Abstract:

Sylhet, the northeastern divisional city of Bangladesh is a hilly area, where many ethnic minorities live. Their socio- cultural life is a little different from other people. The city is the main tea-producing and natural gas exploration region of Bangladesh. As a result of these extremely labor-intensive economic activities, a large number of low income workers live in and around the city, many of them are from ethnic minorities. The sanitation condition of low income areas is remarkably poor. Economic status, socio- cultural condition and topography of the region are the main reasons for this condition. This year long research work was undertaken to assess the existing sanitation condition of some low income areas of Sylhet city, find out the factors, responsible for the condition, monitor the behavioral changes of the dwellers, as well as health-hygiene improvement after taking some measures for improving the sanitary condition. 

 
 
           
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