A Layout design is a complex problem. It requires the consideration of a multiple and conflicting objectives. In this paper, we propose a multi-criteria decision making approach to analyze and select layout planning for industrial workspace. In fact there are multitudes of qualitative and qualitative criteria that are involved in the decision making process. We propose an approach based on linguistic evaluation and pair wise comparison, mathematical modeling and genetics steps design process.

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This research presents an experimental investigation on the engineering properties of concrete prepared with crushed tiles as recycled coarse aggregates. Concrete mixes with a design compressive strength of 30MPa are made using recycled aggregates with percentages ranging from 0 to 100% of the total coarse aggregate. Their influence on concrete mechanical properties is investigated. As a result, it has been obtained that using recycled aggregate to replace part of the natural coarse aggregate effects the elastic modulus, tensile strength and compressive strength with a value depends on the percentage of coarse aggregate substituted. For low percentages of recycled aggregate (25%) it can be obvious that this influence is practically negligible. It may be concluded that the use of recycled aggregates in concrete may help to solve a very important environmental issue and gives a solution to the problem of inadequate concrete aggregates. The comparison of test results with ACI 318 code spilt cylinder and modulus of elasticity equations show that these equations are not recommended to be used for recycled aggregate concrete with percentage exceeding 25%.

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Lab-On-a-Chip systems are one of the new growing technologies which offer miniaturization of analysis systems. In this paper we present a simple and low cost fabrication of a micro filter using in different applications in Micro Total Analysis Systems. This method uses typical microscopic glass slides as a substrate for fabrication of micro filters for Lab-On-Chip applications. Based on flow control, micro channel and micro filter design particle separation is performed by hydrodynamic filtration. This micro filter allows the target particles to flow through and unwanted larger particles flow to other micro channel. Particularly, separation of different particles from automobile oil, based on particle size is studied. This device can also be used for other biomedical applications such as cell separation. The geometry of this filter eliminates the clogging effect that is an important factor in micro filter designs.

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The old classical poems, written in various regional languages, many of them the authors were not identified. For example, in Tamil language, Agananuru, Purananuru and Paripadal, still we didn’t know many of the authors. Hence, if we identify these, it will be more helpful to the society to know and identify the author of various valuable old poems. The Author Identification study is useful to identify the most plausible authors and best suited for authorship verification whereas it can be applied to authorship characterization and profiling.

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Peat is soil that known as a very soft soil with high organic content, low bearing capacity, and very high compression. Soil improvement using stabilization method has been developed because it is cheaper and environmentally friendly. This paper presents the effect of curing period and thickness of the stabilized peat layer to the bearing capacity and compression behavior of the fibrous peat. This study was carried out by using physical model of the stabilized peat placed in box size of 100 x 60 x 70 cm3. Thickness of the stabilized peat layer varies: 1/3H, 1/2H and H (H=peat layer thickness). Step loading was adopted for consolidation test and each load was applied for 3 days. The results show that bearing capacity of the stabilized peat is higher than the original peat but it is slightly affected by the stabilized peat layer thickness. This bearing capacity, however, drops drastically when curing period reach 30-45 days and then keep decreasing with the increase of the curing period until it is about the same with the initial value. The compression of loaded stabilized peat layer is not only caused by the applied load but also due to the fiber decomposition. Thickness of the stabilized peat layer affects its compression where the thicker the stabilized layer, the larger the peat layer compression caused by fibers decomposition. It also shows that large compression due to bearing capacity failure occurs when the stabilized peat layer is very thin compared to the peat layer thickness.

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This paper investigates the accuracy improvement of using two GNSS base receivers, instead of only one base receiver, in establishing GNSS static control points, up to baselines of 45 km. In this regards, a GNSS campaign was run to get the UTM coordinates of 15 new geodetic control points, using GNSS static technique by fixing one and two base receivers. The results showed that horizontal positional discrepancies P2d between the two solutions have a mean value of 4.6 mm with 1.2 mm standard deviation, while the spatial positional discrepancies P3d have a mean value of 5.6 mm with standard deviation 1.4 mm. These results can be considered insignificant from the accuracy point of view in establishing geodetic networks. On the other hand, from the economic and cost point of views, it is recommended to use only one dual-frequency GNSS receiver to save cost and time in establishing geodetic GNSS control points up to baselines of 45 km.

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This study is about the economic potential of solar photovoltaic (PV) potential in South East Asia particularly Malaysia that implementing FiT incentive. It is crucial from the perspective of private and individual pv energy provider to evaluate the economic potential of this type of energy investment. The economic indicator to be used is levelized cost of energy in RM/kW and payback period prediction in years. All the data for the determination of this indicator mostly from the authorized body and scientific standpoint. The alternative view of economic profitability is also applied while the capacity factor (CF) fluctuation due to unpredictable amount of solar radiation is determined based on the location. The indicator certainly can assist the energy investor to assess the potential and benefits according to their financial ability, period of investment while knowing the risk involved.

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A series of experiments of processing of two oxide ceramics (Al2O3 and SiO2) as well as Al2O3-SiO2 composite by using microwave energy have been performed and reported by authors. The microwave sintering results were then compared to conventionally sintered results for every experiment to investigate a microwave effect. The reduction of processing time compared to conventional was found in all microwave experiments. In this paper, pore reduction and densification of Al2O3 and SiO2 after sintering are reported. The faster pore reduction and higher in densification were observed in microwave sintered samples on both materials. The higher densification rate could be attributed to an increase in mass transport rate during sintering. The enhanced pore reduction rate in microwave sintering is promising a technology to produce a high density with fine grains of the oxide ceramics.

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In the current state of affairs where nano is a well-known topic in the electronics world, smallness of components is in the front. Inductor, the passive component is one of the important elements in most of the circuit. But the application of inductor at low and very low frequencies is very much constricted due to large number of turns required. This stops its realization in integrated circuits and is not comfortable with newest IC technology. In this paper a different way of simulating L is presented. It is called simulated inductor or synthetic inductor. It uses two op-amps and few passive components. The application of this simulated L in analog filters and the frequency response of those filters are presented. The simulation is done in PSPICE. The experimental results are also shown to validate the use of this simulated inductor.

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Synthesis deodorizing durian forhandand mouth after durian consumption

Durian (Duriozibethinus) is a type of fruit production is relatively abundant. The fruit is often called The King of Fruit, because it feels good and a lot of fans. This research aims to make durian odor remover products on the hands and mouth after eating durian. This research was conducted laboratiris. Durian dry weight of peel that is used is a variation of 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 8 g. Extract the durian peel dry with medium distilled water, tap water and commercial water brand club. Each volume of 500ml and benzoate acid additive is weighted 0.5 g. The resulting product has a pH of 5.6 to 6.2. In the extract product weighs 8 g of dried durian peel in distilled water, commercial water and tap water has a high-power clean, safe and practical. Products durian deodorizing liquid form with dry peel resulting of 2 to 4g have the resilience to future ekstraki media tap water is +3.5 months, commercial water brands club of ± 10 and distilled water of ± 4 months. The chemical composition of the product is lignin, saponins, flavonoids, pectin, thiamin, niacin, riboflavin.

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The Hybrid technique that combines the Wavelet Transformation and Block Truncation Coding is a new framework proposed for fingerprint image compression. The proposed technique includes image enhancement system, forward DWT, encoding system, decoding system and inverse DWT. Image enhancement techniques like histogram equalization and wiener filtering has been performed on the image before Wavelet transformation so that the noisy image can also be retrieved fast. Wavelet based compression are largely used due to the competitive compression ratios that can be achieved at high quality without much blocking artifacts. The BTC converts a gray level image into a binary image with a predefined threshold. The coded bits are written into separate text file as sequence of symbol pairs (run, value) using run-length coding. Experiments on an image database of grayscale JPEG (uncompressed) images shows that the proposed technique performs well in compression and decompression. The Quality metrics used are CR, SNR, MSE and PSNR.

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Abstract:

Cloud Computing is one of the latest technology which consists of shared pool of configurable resources. It also allows users to store their data, access and retrieve data. The data stored in public cloud can be viewed and accessed by everyone. At times the user can set privacy settings, such that only authorized user can access the data. In case of private cloud, the data stored by the user is accessible only to the data owner. In case of data storage, security and privacy issues are possible. So, in order to secure and protect data, various techniques and methodologies are proposed. This paper describes about the use of code verification and use of code certificate in order to perform secure and trusted sharing of data transmission.

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A compact pentagonal shaped slot antenna for multiband applications is proposed. The antenna comprises of a T-shaped patch on one side of the substrate. The top surface of the patch consists of a serrated edge for bandwidth enhancement. The antenna is fed by a 50-? microstrip line. A Defected ground structure is employed by placing a pentagonal slot in the ground plane of the antenna. The antenna possesses a compact physical structure with dimensions of 30 x 30 x 1.6 mm and is printed on FR4 epoxy substrate with dielectric constant 4.4. Simulations are carried out using Ansys HFSS. The proposed antenna exhibits a -10 dB magnitude for frequency bands 2.5-3.02 GHz, 4.59-7.053 GHz and 13.06-13.48 GHz covering various multiband applications. The antenna is fabricated successfully and is further characterized by measuring VSWR, radiation pattern and gain. The measured results are in good agreement with that of the simulated ones.

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In the design and development of applications based on mobile technologies there are significant technical and technological difficulties associated with the integration of these applications into a single information landscape of the enterprise, and support for various versions of mobile operating systems. Because of the above-identified difficulties, the time and budgets of developing mobile applications, the cost of implementation and ownership of these systems significantly increase. In addition, there is no quick response to new market challenges, jeopardizing perspectives for business development companies. For solving given issues are used specialized cross-platform technologies, which provide the transfer of the program code on various versions of operating systems and devices. The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of existing cross-platform technologies for mobile applications development. The study contains analysis of modern cross-platform technologies including such aspects as development environment, testing environment, deployment environment, visual design environment, cross-platform and analytic features.

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The technologies used to steal passwords are developing day by day. A new technology has become popular in Russia. It gives hackers the opportunity to make money on corporate wars and the intentions of certain people to get access to other persons’ information. Today, the password stealing technology has been put in mass production: the pricing has been set, and anyone can place an order for another person’s mailbox to be hacked. Current research gives opportunity to develop new protection techniques.

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In this paper the question of searching of a load-lifting winches optimum design is considered. The method of optimum design is chosen. The original algorithm of searching of optimum solution has been offered. It is offered to consider a problem of optimum design of load-lifting mechanisms as a problem of multi-criteria optimization. For the solution of this task use is recommended optimization method based on the Pareto principle. Load-lifting winch was represented as complicated system which includes several subsystems in the course of search of the optimal solution. Between these subsystems exists the interaction interference. For this reason the tasks of subsystem optimization can’t be solved in parallel. The algorithm has been offered for searching of optimum solution. It’s based on application of the method of dynamic programming. The offered approach gives the chance to receive the designs which are optimum by any in advance chosen criteria.

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The description of the cross-platform web application providing users with the flexible tool for storage of an object model of arbitrary data domain for the purpose of operational formation of controls loading of multiserver systems on the basis of scalable Markov processes is provided. The three-level client-server architecture is the cornerstone of system. In it loading is distributed between the service provider called by the server and the customers of services called by clients. In operation ORM a framework of Eclipse Link which is reference implementation of the Java Persistence API (JPA) specifications which were included in Java EE is used. Traditional approach with creation of classes’ entities for each specific type of objects isn't suitable for creation of a data model which would allow keeping objects of arbitrary data domain as neither object types, nor their parameters are in advance unknown. The meta model which describes each object the set of attributes inherent in specific object type, and values for these attributes is developed for the solution of this task. Such approach to the description of objects allows storing arbitrary object model, using a limited set of classes’ entities. The layer of business logic of application is realized by means of JSF Managed Beans or bins - Java of classes which are under control of a container framework (Java EE application server). JSF components of the presentation layer can get directly access to fields and methods. The layer of representation is realized by means of Java Server Faces (JSF) - a platform for creation of the user interface of the web applications written in the Java language and library the Prime Faces 5.2 JSF component.

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The article deals with mathematical modeling for analyzing the capacity of a multiprocessor system with Tasks Managers with the strategy of separation in space. Research methods are based on concepts of the analytical modeling theory, systems theory and queuing networks, probability theory and stochastic processes. The article presents analytical equations for the research of tasks managers with the strategy of separation in space for multiprocessor systems based on open queuing networks. The analytical part has been checked by simulation modeling. The dependence under study has been illustrated by diagrams. Finally, conclusions have been made.

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This paper dwells upon the risks of exogeodynamic processes in latitudinal segment of the floodplain swampy areas of the Ob River, Vakh River and Agan River. From the administrative point of view, these areas are located within Nizhnevartovsk sub district of Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Area – Yugra. Surface water exogeodynamic processes include fluvial, lacustrine, swamp and slope water erosion processes. From the economic point of view, the area is the place for a large number of oil production facilities. As for landscape, it is a segment of floodplain-bench, meadow, swampy and forest territory of the Ob River valley.

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Experimental study on Steel Fiber concrete for M20 grade having mix proportion 1:1.96:2.63 and water cement ratio of 0.45 to study the compressive, flexural and split tensile strength of Steel Fibred Reinforced Concrete (SFRC) containing fibers of 1%, 2%, 3%, volume fraction. In this study steel fibers of Aspect Ratio 50, 60 and 67 were used. The result obtained is analyzed and compared with a control specimen (0% steel fiber). The Relationship between Aspect ratio vs Compressive strength, Aspect ratio vs flexural strength and Aspect ratio vs split tensile strength is represented graphically. Result shows the percentage increase in compressive strength, flexural strength and split tensile strength for 28days.

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This paper explores the utilization of combination of Alternating Current Transmission System (FACTS) devices, time-based Demand Response (DR) programs, and Generation Redispatch (GR) in short-term congestion management as well as minimization of generation costs in power systems. To achieve this, a multi-stage market clearing procedure is formulated. At the first stage, the market is cleared based on generation cost minimization, without considering network constraints. Market clearing formulation for the second stage is developed considering congestion, in which FACTS device (Thyristor Controlled Series Capacitor (TCSC)), and time-based DR programs (Time of Use (TOU)) are optimally coordinated with GR in the presence of network constraints, to manage congestion at minimum costs. In addition, to make conditions more realistic, operational conditions spanning for a day (24 hours) are considered in this study. Then capabilities of these approaches in different scenarios for congestion management as well as minimization of generation costs are examined on IEEE 14-bus system. Results show that although, applications of time-based DR programs are more effective as compared to other approaches in terms of generation cost reduction but they have limited capability for congestion management due to consumption of responsive loads which usually decreases in one period and increases in another.

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Paper contains model of combustion wave propagation in one-dimensional homogeneous layer of forest fuels taking into account the diffusion transfer of heat, release of energy due to combustion and dissipation of energy. Structure of combustion wave obtained. Conditions of equality of left and right limits of temperature and its spatial derivative in ignition point and ignition temperature used to obtain value of combustion wave propagation.

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On this occasion, the author developed an instructional media of active learning teaching of microcontroller 8051 in displaying Character of Generator Random Access Memory (CGRAM) on Liquid Crystal Display (LCD). This simulator simulated of how the program in generating special character, also widely calledas customized character, like symbol, smiley, and etc. that had not been provided by the LCD manufacturer on Character Generator Read Only Memory (CGROM) and eventually displaying the CGRAM character on LCD as the normal character of CGROM. This program of simulator was developed in Micro Controller Unit (MCU) 8051 Integrated Development Environment (IDE) widely known as MCU 8051 IDE and Assembly-51 (ASM-51).

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Skin is the most sensitive part of the body therefore we need a special attention. This research is related to detect skin disease, such as acne, psoriasis etc. In general this type of disease can become more dangerous if it is not controlled at an earlier stage. This research will provide a facility to user for determining the skin disease based on symptoms. In this research the data processing of patients is using KNN (Neural Network) which has recently achieved very promising results in a wide range of areas such as computer vision, speech recognition and natural language processing. It aims to learn hierarchical representations of data by using KNN. In a skin disease detection system, images need to be automatically processed and analyzed. In this paper, we review the KNN algorithms applied to infected skin images of humans in terms of different research topics: skin image detection, image processing, and image recognition and image classification.

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In GPS the satellite signal is easily disturbed by the objects in the surroundings of receiver which reduces the accuracy in amplitude and phase of the receiving signal. As a result of the reflections of the signals, carrier phase multipath is caused which is the major problem at GPS receivers .Multipath is the propagation phenomenon in which the signals received by antenna other than line of sight signal is called multipath signal . Multipath signal is superimposed on the direct signal. GPS receivers provide the signal to noise ratio (SNR) used for estimation of multipath errors. Signal Quality Measurement is used for computation of phase error in the signal. In this paper we are using MUSIC algorithm to calculate the multipath parameter i.e amplitude and multipath phase. We are estimating the errors that are occurred due to the multipath which is further used to improve GPS signal precession.

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The Multi-Agents Autonomous Robotic Systems (MARS) are modeled and developed to work in process dedicated to the navigation in stochastic environments, especially in location, planning and mapping. These processes make use of design models in centralized systems that generate dependence on a central unit, being this a limitation for the autonomy of the robotic agents. On the other side, the wireless sensors networks (WSN) are an emerging technology which is based on the integration of multiple nodes in a centralized way for the capture and exchange of data. This article is based on the integration of the WSN in the design of a model for MARS oriented to the autonomy of the robotic agent in decentralized navigation tasks.

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In order to estimate the rate of magnetic susceptibility enhancement in automorphic temperate soils, magnetic properties and mineral weathering degree of different-aged chernozemic soils derived from a uniform parent material have been studied. In this work, layer samples of mature virgin leached chernozem and young chernozemic soils formed on the embankment of an earthy archaeological monument were used. Magnetic, physical and chemical and mineralogical analysis show that magnetic susceptibility enhancement in organogenic soils is associated with increase in loss on ignition, cation exchange capacity, degree of dispersion, as well as with decrease in amphiboles/zircon, amphibole/rutile and amphibole/ilmenite ratios. Magnetic susceptibility enhancement in different-aged chernozemic soils results from maghemite (or maghemite associations) formation. After 750-800 years, magnetic susceptibility in organogenic soils reached only about half of its value in a mature chernozem. These results indicate that the formation of mature magnetic profile in automorphic temperate soils is a very long process. The newly formed chernozemic soils are now at the stage of active formation of secondary magnetic minerals, but the resource of primary ferrous silicates (which are less resistant to weathering) is not exhausted in mature virgin chernozem yet.

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This paper presents the performance of solar cells under different electric lighting sources in indoor environments. Experiments are conducted for different solar technologies like polycrystalline Silicon, Amorphous Silicon and Dye- Sensitized .Measurements are done under illumination from incandescent, fluorescent and LED light sources in this paper. Also, simulations are done to find out the maximum power points of different solar cells under different electrical light sources. And, the output power densities of four types of solar cells have been investigated under three illumination sources encountered in buildings. The results confirm aforementioned significant difference between incandescent, fluorescent and LED light sources.

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In this paper, the classification of Brain Magnetic Resonance Images (MRI) and Liver Computed Tomography (CT) images has been analyzed using supervised technique. The proposed method includes four stages - pre-processing, fuzzy clustering, feature extraction and classification. For extracting the features Gray Level Co-occurrence Matrix (GLCM) method has been used. The main features regarding shape, texture and feature statistics have been considered. Then the classifier has been used to classify the brain MRI and the CT liver images into normal and abnormal. The classifier used was (Radial Basis Function - Support Vector Machine) RBF-SVM. Finally, the performance of the classifier was evaluated in terms of True Positive (TP), True Negative (TN), False Positive (FP), False Negative (FN) and the accuracy was found to be good.

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High density concrete is used in nuclear power plants (NPP) for primary and secondary containments structures. High density aggregates like Barites, Hematite, iron-shots, goethite, etc are used to produce high density concrete the major performance requirement of this kind of concrete is durability that it should withstand adverse environments. Fire response of such concrete has to determine to estimate performance of concrete after fire attack occurred. Concrete exposed to high temperature tend to develop thermal stresses that which lead to cracks and openings in concrete due to expansion this will affect the concrete compressive and tensile property. Addition of steel fiber in the concrete increases the compressive strength, tensile strength and reduces spalling in concrete. This paper presents the experimental investigation on comparing the mechanical and thermal properties of concrete using normal siliceous aggregate (NC) and high density aggregate (HDC) including modulus of elasticity and drying shrinkage. In this research Barites are used as high density aggregate. Mixes were prepared using normal aggregate and barites aggregate. The results of two parameters namely steel fiber volume content (0%, 0.5%, 1%), temperature effects (room temperature, 200°C, 400°C and 600°C) on compressive property of concrete. HDC has high compressive strength than the NC but has less tensile and flexural strength. Specimens kept at 600°C have shown cracks and has a relative drop in strength. The addition of steel fiber has improved the mechanical properties of the concrete including the drying shrinkage, thermal conductivity and modulus of elasticity.

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Biofuel is expected to have a role in creating a renewable, practical and environmentally intact source of energy. Biomass is converted into biofuels either via: chemical, thermochemical, or biochemical processes. The choice of conversion process and feedstock depends on the desired product and the form of energy. The potentiality of microalgae as a biofuel source is high comparing to other sorts of biomass. However there are several basics needed for the development of this trend. Firstly, the suitable microalgae strain. Secondly, the type of cultivation system that is agreeable to the environmental consideration and ideal for energy conservation. Finally, the physical and chemical factors affect the cultivation of microalgae. Greenhouse gas emissions and energy utilization potential are pertinent to biofuel production. Life cycle assessment of biofuel production from microalgae proposes them to be preferable to fossil fuel. However; the algal technologies need more improvements to be attractive economically.

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The Middle-Upper Permian rocks, Volga river reference section, were geochemically examined by XRF analysis to reveal the Ural provenance, aridity and humidity levels, smectite-illite association as indicator of environmental change. Geochemical variations correlate with the regional lithostratigraphic scheme and cyclicity.

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Mobile Adhoc Network are dynamically configurable and organized network, without any existing infrastructure. It is an integration of numerous wireless nodes. To communicate between the nodes efficiently, A routing protocol builds the route efficiently between the nodes within a network. The routing algorithm should dynamic discover a route; effectively maintain the route with minimum overhead and bandwidth. Our work proposes a novel Passive Source Routing protocol that has a very small communication overhead. The proposed work enhances light-weight passive source routing protocol for MANETs, to enhance the PSR, we use Dynamic search algorithms namely DSF, DSRW and Knowledge Based -DS to discover the route. In such method, every node of the wireless network contains a neighbor table. Such table contains each node and its neighbors with distance between them. Therefore, each node has a full topology of the wireless network which is useful to discover the route. Periodic information exchange is used to update such table. The solution of routing are analyzed in MANET and performance are evaluate using NS-2 simulator with various network parameters.

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On-chip communication concept is the basic requirement for modern systems that offers high throughput. Network-on-chip routers provide essential routing functionality for effective global on -chip communication with low complexity and relatively high performance. Arbiters are used in No C router when number of input ports is request for the same output port. Recently, the Round Robin Arbiter and Matrix Arbiter are the basic building block for high speed switches / routers, receives a new attention with the advent of the Network-on-chip. In this paper, we compare the performance of these two arbiters in VLSI and tested in FPGA platform. Through the experiment result, we found that the resource utilization of Matrix arbiter is less compared to Round Robin Arbiter. For example for the input request 32 of the arbiter, the number of slices used for MA is 488 slices, for RRA is 2388 slices, Look Up Tab le mappings for MA is 921, for RRA is 2652 and the number of flip flops used for MA is 401 and the number of flip flops used for RRA is 1438. However the RRA has less frequency than the Matrix Arbiter. The performance evolution is achieved by allowing routing function for each input port, distributed arbiters and output port which gives high level of parallelism. When designing a network-on-chip arbiter, the trade off between the two mechanisms should be considered.

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The developing of versatile informal communities opens open doors for viral advertising. Be that as it may, before completely using portable informal communities as a stage for viral advertising, numerous difficulties must be tended to. In this paper, we address the issue of distinguishing a little number of people through whom the data can be diffused to the system at the earliest opportunity, alluded to as the dispersion minimization issue. Dispersion minimization under the probabilistic dissemination model can be detailed as an unbalanced k - focus issue which is NP-hard, and the best known guess calculation for the topsy-turvy k - focus issue has estimate proportion of \log ^*n and time multifaceted nature O(n^5). Obviously, the execution and the time multifaceted nature of the guess calculation are not satisfiable in expansive scale portable informal organizations. To manage this issue, we propose a group based calculation and an appropriated set-spread calculation. The execution of the proposed calculations is assessed by broad tests on both manufactured systems and a genuine follow. The outcomes demonstrate that the group based calculation has the best execution in both engineered systems and the genuine follow contrasted with existing calculations, and the dispersed set-spread calculation beats the approximation calculation in the genuine follow as far as dissemination time.

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This survey paper addresses the concept of big data and various types of analytics that can be undergone by the researchers using big data. Since the data size is big and mixture of different data type, the time to store, retrieve and process the big data is a challenging issue, so an outline to improve the performance of big data processing is also given in this paper. Finally, to make use of big data analytics in a positive and beneficial manner, this paper explores the importance of predictive and prescriptive analytics for any type of applications which is very useful for the people to come to a conclusion at various stage, when they are in need to take best decision.

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In this paper, a new Encryption algorithm is proposed which is high secured and data is transmitted securely over unreliable communication channel. In this algorithm we generate random numbers by using Linear Feedback Shift Register (LFSR) and input data is encrypted by performing sequence of BODMAS operation with random numbers generated by LFSR. The proposed work is simulated, verified and synthesized using Xilinx by Spartan 3E FPGA.

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The main objective of this paper is to the dynamic estimation of Bandwidth Delay Product for all nodes in the neighbour list, consecutively to enhance communication in MANETs. This is achieved by using variable bit rate routing in IEEE 802.11 networks. Energy and BDP together contribute to the routing efficiency progress in mobile networks; therefore, we investigate on the feasibility of designing a mechanism to do the same in MANETs. A bandwidth delay product based routing (BDPR) is proposed for TCP communication in MANETs. Generally, BDP should be kept low enough so that there are less chances of packet loss pertaining to the size of the queue. However, this metric is not used as a primary measure to ensure that there is higher throughput for a path. Therefore, this paper gives a novel attempt in using the Bandwidth of a node and energy of a node in combination with the BDP of the path to provide greater throughput. The performance is analyzed using simulations in the network simulator to understand the percentage improvement of the same.

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Pelton turbine is the most commonly used high head impulse turbine with low discharge. For obtaining highest power output from runner one of the most important parameter is quality of jet which strikes bucket tangentially. The quality of jet and its impact work depends on the distance between the nozzle exit and runner along with its angle of strike. In the present paper, the effect of distance between the nozzle outlet and the runner on performance of Pelton turbine is discussed with the help of numerical technique. It is found that that axial flow of water is more for least (100 mm) distance while the radially inward and outward flow is more for larger (150 mm) distance between nozzle and runner.

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Infrared thermography is one of the most widely accepted non-destructive testing (NDT) and condition monitoring tools which is generally used in all sectors of the modern society such as the infrastructure, industries, service functions and the domestic sector. Electrical thermography is the most widely performed application of Infrared thermography. It is used in order to evaluate the condition of electrical systems and equipment. In this article the temperature measurement on a small induction single face motor under different scenarios has been realized.

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Training module M2CI is a system that allows undergraduate students to acquire control engineering skills and competencies related to the automation of processes. The M2CI has several sensors and actuators for interacting with temperature, position and liquid level plants. However, many times the students do not have the economical means to travel or do not have time to use the equipment on the schedules in which the university attends the individuals, causing an underutilization of the M2CI. In order to make better use of the M2CI, a system to control and monitor the plants and instruments remotely is being implemented. As a part of this project, an automatic wiring system should be designed. In the market, equipment that allow the connection of multiple points automatically can be found; however, the high cost of these devices is a disadvantage. This article presents the design of hardware and software for a system that allows making and keeping the M2CI connections by using synchronous serial communication. The hardware and software of the project is based on Arduino, which makes it economical in comparison with the existing ones in the market. This contribution serves as a reference for a future development that will allow the automatic connection via internet.

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In this paper, attempt has been made to detect the basement depth underlying the Tertiary deposit and the structural lineaments within the Penyu basin by applying 3D Euler deconvolution technique to the magnetic field data. Basement depth and the structural trend estimation were done by Oasis Montaj computer software using window size (W) of 20 corresponding to about 20 X 20 km width of the magnetic data station distribution. Structural Index parameter (SI) of 0, for sheet body magnetic source was used for the faults determination. Results obtained were compared with seismic line across the study area. Basement depths from 3D Euler analysis are ranging from 3-6 km comparable to depths interpreted from seismic data. 2D sections developed of 3D Euler deconvolution map along N-S clearly displayed the arrangement of magnetic sources at depths forming normal faults with flower structures as well as the horst and graben features within the faults. The faults strike approximately in the E-W direction and dip towards the north and south. The faults positions in the seismic sections are well correlated when superimposed with the magnetic lineaments corresponding to faults obtained by Euler deconvolution.

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Earlier the production of multiphase system was a challenging task, but with the advance in the ratings of power semiconductor switches it turned to be effortless through inverters. The main cause for developing multi-phase system is that, it has some dominant features over the conventional three phase system. In order to obtain a five phase supply a specially connected transformer is proposed instead of an inverter. The induction motor (five phase) feed by the five phase output of the specially connected transformer. The performance of the motor is analyzed under balanced as well as unbalanced supply conditions and also under stator fault conditions.

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Methyl ester of crude rice bran oil (CRME) is an underutilized non-edible biodiesel which is abundantly produced in the form of crude rice bran oil in India and most of the Asian countries. This study evaluates the performance, emission, and combustion characteristics of a naturally aspirated direct injection compression ignition (DICI) engine which is fuelled with, high speed-diesel (HD), B20R (20% CRME blended with 80% diesel fuel) operated under 80% load and full load for fuel injection pressures (FIP) from 200bar to 240bar with increment in a step of 10bar at standard injection timing (SIT) 23o before top dead centre (bTDC), at rated speed of 1500 rpm. Finally at the end, the test results showed improved results for B20R in terms of brake thermal efficiency and emissions such as smoke opacity, hydro carbons (HC), carbon monoxide (CO), and nitrogen oxides (NOx) at 230bar FIP.

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A magneto hydrodynamic non-Newtonian porous triangular plate with couple stress fluid has been analyzed. A modified Reynolds’s equation has been derived to account for the transverse magnetic field with lubricant as a couple stresses of porous triangular plates. The dynamic stiffness and dynamic coefficient are obtained and it shows a wide range of distribution when different externally magnetic fields are chosen.

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Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) play an essential role in today’s genuine world applications. The effectiveness of WSNs depends on the data collection. However, traditional data collection schemes fail to provide a guaranteed reliable network in terms of traffic and end-to-end connection. To secure the WSNs against adversaries misdirecting the multi-hop routing, we have designed and implemented EDCTE; An Efficient Data Collection based on Trust Evaluation in Large Scale Wireless Sensor Networks. It provides trustworthy and energy efficient route that would effectively diminish the problems of delay, traffic and end-to-end connection. The Data Collector (DC) collects the data packet from the Cluster Head (CH) and delivers it to the Base Station (BS). The strength of the EDCTE algorithm is to build a simple structure, so as to reduce the energy consumption of the CH and to avoid frequent cluster formation. Simulation results demonstrate that EDCTE provides better QoS in terms of energy consumption, throughput, end-to-end delay and lifetime of the network.

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Results of experimental studies influence of the complex alloying with titanium, molybdenum and niobium on the Curie Temperature (??), and magnetism of Sm2Fe17 alloy are presented. It is shown, that alloying of Sm2Fe17 with Ti, Mo and Nb leads to increase volume and lattice parameters without modification of the symmetry lattice. It was found that complex alloying increases the Curie temperature from 139 °C (initial alloy) to 206 °C. During measurement of the hysteresis properties, it was revealed that alloying with titanium, molybdenum and niobium leads to the widening of the hysteresis loop.

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Currently, the use of crystal optical systems in the scientific and technological development has increased significantly. With their help it is possible to solve the control tasks of the amplitude, frequency, phase and polarization of the laser radiation and scanning by an optical beam in space. In addition, crystal optical systems are used for spatial encoding; creating controlled spatial filters in polarization interferometers, allowing investigating the quality of processing of optical parts, geometric parameters of the laser beams, the degree of coherence of the laser radiation to a high precision. When the laser radiation is placed at the output of crystal optical systems, there appear the interference patterns, which are applied for various purposes in laser measuring devices. The construction of circuit schemes and laser devices should continually be improved to enhance their capacity, accuracy, sensitivity, reliability and service life. Providing a solution for these problems is possible upon condition of new ideas that have emerged in crystal optics and laser technology.

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The paper presents the results of a comparative analysis of X-FAB’s technologies to obtain the most optimal parameters of drain current and the Hall voltage of the Hall element as a component of an integrated circuit with linear output formed in CMOS technology. It has simulated Hall elements in TCAD and found out that XH035 technology allows providing the most optimal parameters of drain current and the Hall voltage of the Hall element. Simulation results of the dependence of the Hall voltage on the width W of the Hall element at the length L = 200 µm have shown that the optimum ratio of the width W to the length L of the Hall element is within 1.25 <W/L <1.5. The paper has also simulated the dependence of the Hall voltage on the size of Hall contacts and shown that the most optimal size of Hall contacts in relation to the Hall voltage and required space is from 0 to 10 µm for L = 200 µm.

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This article describes the options for increasing traction effort. Mathematical model of intermediate linear drive with different types of pressure rollers has been given. The tractive effort transmission through the rollers with an angle of wrap in comparison with the classical theory of tractive effort transmission by the drive pulleys shows increasing in traction with equal constructive parameters.

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This paper deals with the design of Low Noise Amplifier using MODFET for Wireless Communication. The proposed LNA will be operating at 6 GHz and uses two stages for improved gain and low noise figure. The first stage is based on Common source which is followed by the second stage of cascoding configuration. The transistor used in this design is based on p-HEMT technology from Sirenza micro devices. Advanced Design System (ADS) is used to design this LNA. The individual stages include capacitors and inductors for DC bias. The input and output matching networks are designed using microstrip transmission lines. The simulation results show gain of 28.27 dB and noise figure as 0.83 dB at 6 GHz with biasing voltage at 3.0 V.

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In this work a compact S-shaped monopole antenna is designed to operate in the wide band range from 7 to 16 GHz. The S-shaped radiating element is divided into different sub blocks and later microstrip parasitic strips are used to unite the independent blocks. Different orientations of strips and without strip loaded configurations are examined in this work for tunable applications. The shift in the center resonant frequency is absorbed from all these iterations with the conditions of switch positions in ON and OFF modes and the results are examined with respective to operating frequency band. The proposed antenna with all strips in ON condition is prototyped on FR4 substrate and tested on ZNB 20 VNA for validation.

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Researches on drying by using microwaves energy, along with traditional methods of heating, are widely reported. In this paper, we analyze the experimental results of microwave drying of cocoa bean. Drying experiments were by using a domestic microwave oven which operated at three power levels. Microwave drying is based on a unique volumetric heating mode with electromagnetic radiation at 2,450 MHz. The responses of the agriculture product to dielectric heating result in rapid energy coupling into the moisture and lead to fast drying. A significant reduction in drying time in microwave drying is often accompanied by an improvement in product quality, making it a promising food dehydration technology. Preliminary theoretical analysis by using an analytical approach by using Dincer and Dost model for the drying of cocoa bean is presented. The study gives a brief description of efforts made to obtain basic drying parameters under different microwave drying conditions from experimental results.

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The implementation of global distributed information systems is built on various technical platforms and design approaches. There are many problems of ensuring a high level of information security of these systems, because they operate critical or confidential data, and the components of these systems are located in different physical sites. The existing distributed information systems as a rule do not meet the current challenges in the field of ensuring a high level of information security. In addition, the actual questions about the integration of these systems with corporate information systems. The aim of this work is to provide flexible architecture approach for building security software framework of global distributed computing systems. Given security framework provides access control management, identity management, user session management, monitoring and auditing, management of data sources, programming interfaces. The design includes application architecture, describing the major functional subsystems, system architecture, describing the software and hardware that implement security infrastructure, data architecture, describing the main business entities and relational data model.

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The article considers the application of the mechanism of stress relaxation in the rings and refining their working surfaces by applying graphite lubricant by the application of the spherical tool acting on the treated surface at an ultrasonic frequency. The article presents the movement diagram of the working part of the inductor tool relative to the processed surface. The calculations conducted allow for an analysis of the anti-friction surface creating process. It is revealed that at the sequential application of instantaneous heat sources, the heat flux due to the instantaneous heat removal becomes even over the entire working area rather than increases in a selected point. It is evident from calculations that the theoretical values of coating thickness are within the confidence limits of the experimental values that confirms the adequacy of the proposed mathematical model.

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Peat is soil that known as a very soft soil with high organic content, low bearing capacity, and very high compression. Soil improvement using stabilization method has been developed because it is cheaper and environmentally friendly. This paper presents the effect of curing period and thickness of the stabilized peat layer to the bearing capacity and compression behavior of the fibrous peat. This study was carried out by using physical model of the stabilized peat placed in box size of 100 x 60 x 70 cm3. Thickness of the stabilized peat layer varies: 1/3H, 1/2H and H (H=peat layer thickness). Step loading was adopted for consolidation test and each load was applied for 3 days. The results show that bearing capacity of the stabilized peat is higher than the original peat but it is slightly affected by the stabilized peat layer thickness. This bearing capacity, however, drops drastically when curing period reach 30-45 days and then keep decreasing with the increase of the curing period until it is about the same with the initial value. The compression of loaded stabilized peat layer is not only caused by the applied load but also due to the fiber decomposition. Thickness of the stabilized peat layer affects its compression where the thicker the stabilized layer, the larger the peat layer compression caused by fibers decomposition. It also shows that large compression due to bearing capacity failure occurs when the stabilized peat layer is very thin compared to the peat layer thickness.

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This paper proposes how to maximize the network lifetime by placing the minimum number of sensors without affecting the quality of monitoring, and it also addresses the target coverage problem. Energy utilization is one of the important key challenges in the research area of sensor networks. Deployment of sensor nodes should be with extreme coverage and connectivity but with less energy utilization. Coverage and Connectivity is an important performance metric in wireless sensor networks, which reflects how a sensor field is monitored by the deployed WSN. The result shows that Genetic algorithm shows improved performance over Greedy algorithm in maximizing the network lifetime of the sensors in the network.

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A 3-bit radio frequency micro electromechanical (RF MEMS) tunable capacitor with electrostatic actuation and a wafer-level package is presented. The structure is made of Au with SiN as an isolation layer. According to one-port measurements, capacitance range is from 0.6 to 1.4 pF and minimal resistance is 0.5 Ohm. Maximum obtained Q-factor is 60 at 6.5 GHz. Q-factor at low frequencies is limited by a low shunt resistance. Activation voltage is 14 V. The capacitor suffers from dielectric charging effect.

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The rabbit production is an alternative that is adopted in many countries to meet the demand of hunger due to its low cost and high efficiency results in the process. This study aims to design and implementation of a tool for the study of laboratory animals with a weight not exceeding 15 kg in a cage, for this case is set as an object of study in New Zealand white rabbits to assess White different types of food, increasing total weight, number of offspring, as response variables depending on the type of feed used. The laboratory tool developed, monitored at two locations separated by a distance of 50 meters which are located monitoring stations animal and compost. It also incorporates a user interface that allows LCD screen display, developed in Labview software for PC with information recorded in databases, file creation with the results generated by the tests and emailing, making controlled execution data and finally displaying charts and indicators monitored variables.

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Nano size spherical carbon particles of less than 100 nm diameters are attracting for new applications in human life and industry fields. In this work, different nano carbon particles structures including spherical shape were synthesized by phosphoric acid dehydration process. Shape and size of the obtained nano sized carbon sphere particles were characterized by means of JEOL-JEM-1200 Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM). The effect of different phosphoric acid concentrations, 0.06M, 0.1M and 0.5M respectively was studied. Also, influence of sugar concentration, temperature and heating time were investigated. The optimum conditions were concluded as, 0.1M phosphoric acid, 50g/l sugar concentration, 100oC and 15minutes heating time was selected for carbon nano spheres preparation.

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The effect of a single tensile overload held in certain period was investigated on the crack propagation behavior in front of the crack tip following the overload. The investigation was conducted by cycled the specimens under constant amplitude load with stress ratio to be zero, and after the crack had reached in certain length, the overload with and without combination of the hold period was subjected to specimens, respectively. The stress analysis in front of the crack tip was carried out by aid of software based on the finite element method. The result of the investigation shows that the hold period of the overload together with the magnitude of the overload affects the crack propagation behavior following the overload. The compressive residual stress developing in front of the crack tip after the overload causes the retardation of the propagation of the crack, and then the number of delay cycles increases. The development of the residual stress associates with the plastic strain of the element material in front of the crack tip caused by the overload, and the strain is increased by the hold period of the overload. However, the increasing of the plastic strain may lead to the crack tip to be blunt, and it reduces the effect of the compressive residual stress to the crack propagation behavior, thus, it decreases the number of delay cycles. In addition, because the hold period increases the plastic strain, upon unloading to zero load the plastic strain stretching to the overload direction is too high, and it reduces the magnitude of the compressive residual stress. Therefore, the hold period reduces the number of delay cycles after the overload.

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This investigation represents the effect of using Ziziphus spina extract as reducing agent for the conversion of silver nitrate to nano size silver particles. Use of Ziziphus spina extract as natural reducing agent in the synthesis of nano silver is an environmentally friendly process in contrary of using chemical reducing agent. The prepared nano silver particles size was tested High resonance transmission electron microscope (HR-TEM) while the morphology was tested using X-ray diffraction (XRD). 30nm spherical shape nano silver of successful antibacterial activity against E-coli and staphylococcus aureus was prepared which has larger inhibition zone than that of using 1 molar silver nitrate alone i.e. the use of nano silver increased the inhibition zone of E-coli and staphylococcus aureus. So the synthesis of nano silver leads towards chemical use as antibacterial agent.

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In this work the validity of patient model used for prediction in a model-based controller during the clinical trials is examined. The time constant of the pharmacodynamic model and the time delay introduced by the BIS monitor are varied in order to determine which one of these parameters has a greater influence on the output of simulated BIS. First the time constant is changed and no time delay is considered in order to observe its effect on the simulated BIS signal, then the time constant is considered fixed and the time delay value is changed. The results show that the time delay has a greater influence on the simulated BIS than the time constant. Therefore, in the prediction model used by the model-based controller is very important to have a good estimation of the time delay because if time delay is sub-estimated, the control action is useless.

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Plates of aluminum alloys 7020-T53 were joined in a butt joint by friction stir welding. The residual stresses were measured using the hole-drilling strain-gauge method on the mid position of welding line at three places (advance side, nugget and retreate side). In this investigation, three-dimensional numerical simulation of friction stir welding was concerned to study the influence of tool moving speed in relation with heat distribution as well as residual stress. Simulation was composed of two stages. Firstly, transient temperature distribution on the work piece while undergoing the welding process was studied. In the second stage, attained thermal behavior of the piece from previous stage is considered as inlet heat of an elasto-plastic, thermo mechanical model for the prediction of residual stress. In experimental results, the temperatures are higher on the advancing side than the retreating side along welding, and it was found that the residual stresses on the advance side at about 116.61MPa, while the value reached 90.84MPa for the weld at nugget in retreate side residual stress was107.5MPa and numerical results had the conventional ‘‘M’’ profile with tensile stress peaks in the heat-affected zone.

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This paper mainly deals with the review on the various advanced optimization techniques. Optimization reveals significance advances in computing systems and it has become the most promising techniques for a variety of engineering applications. This paper highlights the various techniques such as evolutionary techniques, Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) and Genetic Algorithm (GA) to enhance the search process by improving the diversity, and the convergence toward the preferred solution have been analyzed. A comparative study between the single and multi-objective based Optimization techniques including GA, PSO and Hybrid are presented. This comparison will be very helpful for industries to determine the optimal parameters and improve the process and quality of products. A variety of objective functions and its formulations are presented. Lagrangian relaxation is a tool to find upper bounds on a given arbitrary maximization problem. The main theme of this review is that the LD is naturally applied for a wide class of combinatorial algorithms which leads to get a significant solution. Among all the traditional optimization techniques, in recent years, heuristic algorithms are mostly applied to solve most of the combinatorial problems. Optimization algorithms can lead to appropriate solution for the real time applications.

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The decision making is both an art and a science. It involves the process of critical and logical thinking by the Decision maker (DM) so as to come to a finite decision on a specific scenario. The main objective of this research work is to develop a novel two way decision model that integrates the two dominant decision making methods namely Analytical Hierarchical Processing (AHP) and Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS), for solving team selection problem (TSP). The AHP is used for choosing optimal weights and the TOPSIS is used for choosing optimal compromise solution. We combine the creditability of the two methods to propose a hybrid decision making model (DMM). We make an empirical investigation to validate the efficacy of the proposed model by collecting data for TSP. An illustrative example is depicted for better understanding the scenario.

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This paper develops and assesses an area-specific prediction model for solar energy generation according to climate parameters on Jeju City, taking advantage of artificial neural networks. The hour-by-hour climate information, open to public in Rep. of Korea, are retrieved from the national weather administration, while the log file from a solar panel monitoring system is interpreted and integratively processed in the MySQL database. The neural network takes temperature, humidity, insolation, and sunlight duration as input, and the amount of solar energy generation is defined for output. Currently, 250 daily records are used for training, with 42 taken for evaluating. The developed model catches the day-by-day change of the power generation and its root mean square error is 16.4 kwh. After all, this model will estimate next day power generation based on the weather forecast, making it possible to build a power generation plan for base energy facilities or an electricity purchase plan from the main power system.

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The purpose of this research was to evaluate the increase of capacity of existing motorway resulting from the implementation of relatively new traffic control strategies, as the automated highway systems (AHS) and the hard-shoulder running (HSR). Was examined the Italian motorway A22, belonging to Trans-European Road Network, corridor Helsinki - La Valletta. Many traffic surveys were done (year 2014) in several road sections. For each of them have been carried out the flow diagrams, the traffic flow parameters (capacity C, free flow speed vf,jam density kjam) and the relationship between flow rate of lane (right lane Qright and passing lane Qpass) and total flow rate Qt. The current carriageway capacities are in the range 2.703 veh/h ÷ 3.621 veh/h. To improve the capacity, a hard-shoulder running is planned, in both directions of the A22, for a total length of 128 km. This type of traffic control strategy allows an increase of the capacity up to 35%. Instead, for the hypothesized safety conditions of the platooned automated vehicles, a single lane with an AHS gives rise to a capacity of about 5.500 veh/h (reaction time = 0, 1 s)

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The compositions and technology of porous glass-crystal materials on the basis of siliceous natural raw materials are developed. Processes of formation of structure and properties of material are investigated. The algorithm is composed of design of material on the set of indicators.

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This paper attempts to discuss the prominence and impact of Wavelet Transform and its core applications based on its striking features and to state properties and other special aspects of it. Various types of wavelets, their variations and applications in signal/image processing are reviewed. Wavelet Transform has erupted as a means of revolutionizing the world of transform domain. In this paper, thorough analysis on various types of wavelet transform for beginners, to get acquainted with and to explore their interest is presented. A survey on privileged areas in radar, Fingerprint image authentication, biomedical image processing is presented. This transform is a promising tool to redefine the probabilistic and statistical analysis of numerical series, image compression musical tones and denoising data.

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In civilian applications, the utilization of quadcopters increasing quickly. Still, this deployment experiences some difficulties like flying vibration and instability which lead to inaccurate data of onboard sensors. Determining the size of such inaccuracy assists in improving the future design and provides more precise understanding of data measured in copter applications. This work introduces an implementation of a quadcopter using recently developed hardware and software components. An aerial imagery system was applied as a case study to evaluate the performance of the implemented quadcopter. The quadcopter was assembled mainly from F450 Flame Wheel frame kit, Aurdo-Pilot Mega APM 2.6 controller and a Mission Planner as ground station software. The picked up images were stitched and then compared with the available Google Earth images. Also, the dimensions of targeted buildings and GPS coordinates of certain points were measured on the aerial images. The accuracy of aforementioned dimensions and GPS coordinates in comparing with the actual measurements has been investigated. The clarity and measurement errors found on the taken aerial images were such acceptable that make the quadcopter usage for photogrammetry is quite possible to monitor the changes taking place on the ground such as affected areas and under construction sites.

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The aim of this research is to investigate the ability of nitrogen fixing bacteria isolates obtained from crop rhizosphere in the District of Maros, South Sulawesi province, Indonesia to excrete ammonium, to produce growth promoting substance called Indol Acetic Acid (IAA), to solubilize phosphate and their effect on plant growth. There were 43 previously isolated nitrogen fixing bacterial isolates inoculated in Burk’s medium. Ammonium released was quantified using spectrophotometry method. The isolates with the ability to excrete high amount of ammonium were selected to IAA production and phosphate solubilization analysis. IAA concentration was measured by spectrophotometry method and Phosphate solubilization assay was done by inoculating bacterial isolates on Pikovskaya medium. The ability to solubilize phosphate was marked by a clear zone around bacterial colonies. Selected isolates were then analysed for their effects on growth of Amaranthus tricolor L with pot trials conducted under green-house conditions. Among 43 nitrogen fixing bacterial isolates, 14 isolates could excrete ammonium in the concentration of 256,7 µM until 1027,77 µM. Those isolates also could produce IAA in the concentration between 5,59 ppm to 41,30 ppm. There were 6 isolates that could solubilize phospate with clear zone measure of 1,5 cm to 3,1 cm. From the pot trial to evaluate the effect of selected bacterial isolate to plant growth, it was found that inoculated plants have better growth than un-inoculated plants. In summary, all selected nitrogen fixing bacterial isolates in this study promoted the plant growth well.

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An attempt has been made to charge the battery with P-V module obtained from a company. Initially P-V characteristics have been carried out for five different solar intensities and for four different temperatures. P-V characteristics have also been done for five different Shunt resistances and three different series resistance which will form the basis of equivalent circuit of a solar panel charger used to charge the battery circuit. Three different modes of charging the battery have also been tried. Results are presented in this communication.

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A sequence stratigraphic study was carried out on late Paleocene -Pleistocene age sedimentary rocks within northern Graben of the north of Taranaki basin, west of Taranaki Peninsula. Geologically, the study area contains an anticline cut by few faults in the southeast. The purpose of this study was to identify the sequence stratigraphic parameters such as system tracks and seismic facies within the sequences by seismic sections and well data. Eleven 2D seismic lines covering an area of approximately 217.km2 with three wells were used in this study. The seismic line was interpreted to estimate the system tracts, seismic facies and sequence boundaries by petrel 2009 and Kingdom 8.8 softwares. Types of seismic facies such as parallel; sub-parallel, continuous, sub-continuous, wavy, free reflection, chaotic, high amplitude high frequency and high amplitude low frequency were defined in the seismic section. Based on reflection terminations, seismic facies, and well logs, eight sequence boundaries were determined in the study area. These main horizons were confirmed by generating the synthetic seismogram of the well witiora-1 and correlated with the seismic section for locating the sequence boundaries. A new horizon was detected between the upper and lower Giant formation as characterized by onlppingfeature indicating a period of seawater encroachment. The sea level changes resulting to different systemtracts such as LST, TST, and HST were also determined in the seismic sections and gamma ray log.

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The first phase of any research is to find out problem statement. The current study highlights inadequacies and weaknesses of previous studies in the field of ad hoc routing protocols. The main goal of any routing protocol is to discover the appropriate path between two nodes to be identified in a timely manner. The primary objective of this research is to address the weaknesses and evaluate the performance of routing protocols using computer simulations and theoretical analysis. The study carried out an analytical analysis of the techniques and distinguished among the routing protocols to address the problems in each protocol due to the strategies working behind the protocols. The results obtained in this study provided evidence of the weakness in the technique or mechanism of some routing protocols.

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This research presents the load frequency control (LFC) of three interconnected power systems using a Multi-Level Single Linkage algorithm (MLSL) and a proportional-integral-derivative (PID) control approach. The conventional PID controller is developed using MLSL optimization algorithm including the LFC loop to minimize the frequency deviation and regulate the power exchange because of the load disturbance changes in area1 and area2. In order to enhance the dynamic performance, the optimal parameters of the PID scheme which optimized by the proposed MLSL algorithm are compared with that one’s obtained by GA algorithm. Integral Square Error (ISE) is considered as an objective function for both algorithms to determine its performance index value for the same interconnected power system. The results show that the performance of the proposed method is more accurate and faster as well in response to the settling time, maximum deviation, and peak time. The combination algorithms set of MLSL_PID_ISE and GA_PID_ISE are coded and simulated using MATLAB.

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In the last two decades recent interest has been shown in the use of steel fibers reinforced concrete (SFRC), since the tensile strength of the composite is higher than that of plain concrete and the use of fibers may lead to reduction in the amount of cracking under serviceability conditions. This paper investigated the application of crimped steel fibers in concrete with different volume fractions (0.5%, 1%, 1.5% and 2%). Standard specimens in forms of cubes, cylinders and beams were cast from each mix and tested in compression, tension and flexure at ages of 7 and 28 days. Tested specimens were subjected to elevated temperatures (500°C for one hour and two hours) and the results were compared and showed the enhancement level obtained due to utilizing steel fibers. The obtained results show that the addition of steel fibers has contributed to significant improves the ductility behavior of the concrete mixes for both pre and post elevated temperature testing. In addition, after 2 hrs. exposure to elevated temperature the experimental results show that each addition of steel fibers (by 0.5% volume fractions) enhances the ultimate compressive load for cubes specimens (by 10 to 15% from the control cubes). The ultimate splitting tensile load improved (by 25 to 37% from the control cylinders). The ultimate flexural load improved (by 36 to 39% from the control beams).

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Even there are any compressive strength reductions of compared to its natural, the utilization of RAC (recycled aggregate concrete) has a good result to convert CDW (construction demolition waste) become beneficial things. Due to the significant RAC lack strength and the lavish of unrecyled glass craps, and has been proposed. A more environmental friendly hybrid concrete of RAC and its reinforcement using glass pieces, cullet or waste – have higher strength than RAC itself - called GLARC (Glass Reinforced Concrete) has been proposed. A tensile testing data are needed in the assessment of the mechanical properties over the actual measurement of the flexural behavior of GLARC system. A direct tensile testing was carried out in coupon specimen forms using H011N tensile/compression equipment. Almost all of the specimens show a brittle failure. Several of them still suffers a local punching even a grip tool was applied. Tensile strength average of glass is 21.12 MPa much better than concrete tensile strength that was relatively low, around 10-15% of its compressive strength or 3 to 5vfc’, thus give value around 2-5 MPa. It can be concluded that glass cullet and pieces was be able used to reinforce both NAC (natural aggregate concrete), concrete with natural aggregate and RAC, recycled concrete aggregate in order to reduce and manage unrecycled glass waste. Finally, it can be predicted initially that flexural strength of GLARC-beam structures that contain glass strips reinforcement will be increased and hence a new GLARC-beam structures has been proposed. The tensile results then used to evaluate the initial bending response and predict the flexural strength capacity in the GLARC-beam later.

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Reading EEG signals manually is a very difficult and time-consuming task. In many situations, we like to get the results in a very short amount of time (e.g. monitoring seizure patients). In other cases, we like to study huge amount of data. In both cases, reading EEG manually is not practical and therefore automatic approach is preferred. In this paper, we propose a simple system that can achieve the state of the art results for IED classification (accuracy of 82%) while using a relatively simple algorithm. The advantage of using a simple algorithm is to make it possible to implement this system on cheap consumer devices like phones.

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This study is a preliminary research about the casting of gray cast iron by using ductile cast iron mold that has been preheated. Preheating is done to unify the hardness in gray cast iron. The mold heating was carried out at temperatures of 100, 200, 300 and 400°C. Meanwhile, the hardness testing was carried out by using Rockwell hardness test. The results showed that the higher the mold heating, the more the distribution of gray cast iron hardness.

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