|
|
| ARPN Journal of Agricultural and Biological
Science
March 2016 | Vol. 11 No. 3 |
|
Title: |
Comparative effect of selected tree legumes
on
physico-chemical
properties
of an alfisol in ekiti state |
|
Author (s): |
Olujobi O. J. |
|
Abstract: |
Soils in the tropics
commonly suffer from multiple
nutrient deficiencies due to continuous cultivation.
The negative impact on soil and environment appears to have
made its application on soil to be less effective. This
study thus
examined the effect of tree legumes on physio-chemical properties
of an alfisol.
Soil samples from
three year fallows
of Senna siamea, Gliricidia sepium,
Leucaena leucocephalaand
natural fallow were collected
at 0-15 cm and 15-30 cm depth.
The samples
were analyzed using standard laboratory procedures. The
resultrevealed that
leguminous species improved
the textural class of the soilfrom loamy sand to sandy loam
at 0-15 cmdepth.
Bulk density along the soil depth increases under
agroforestry species fallows than the natural fallow. Chemical
properties along the soil depths
significantly(p < 0.05) improved
under leguminous
fallows
with pH range (7.02-7.19),
N (0.61% - 2.79%) and P (211.71ppm - 242.11ppm) when compared with
the soil under natural fallow
with pH (5.96 -
6.77), N
(0.10% - 0.73%) and P (206.15ppm-224.88ppm)
Also there is a significant reduction in values of Na (66.29ppm-
50.48ppm
) and K (75.52ppm
-52.22ppm)
in soils under agroforesty species along the
soil depth,
when compared with natural fallow Na(74.21ppm
- 67.83ppm)
and K (90
.0ppm - 76.66
ppm). |
| |
|
|
|
Title: |
Development and evaluation of a jatropha
fruit husking machine |
|
Author (s): |
Abdelmutalab Kheiralla, ElKamil Tola, Adil Korsha and Abbas
Eltigani |
|
Abstract: |
The Jatropha Curcus L
has emerged on the world energy race as a promising plant
for the production of biodiesel. However, this crop still
lacks the development of specialized machine for
post-production. The objective of this research work was to
design, develop and evaluate small scale Jatropha fruits
husking machine for bio-fuel production. Engineering
properties for Jatropha fruits before husking and after
husking have been successfully studied and evaluated. The
Jatropha fruit before husking had an average geometric mean
diameter, sphericity, crushing force, length, width, and
thickness of 21.80 1 0.03
mm, 0.84 1
0.06%, 79 N.m, 26.49 1
8.07 mm, 21.088 1 4.92 mm and 19.280 1 4.68, respectively.
While, Jatropha fruit after husking (seeds) had average
length, width, and thickness of 24.49 1 8.07 mm, 19.088 1
4.92 mm, and 17.28 1 4.68 mm, respectively. The developed
husking machine consists of frame, feed hopper, fruit
husking chamber, concave sieve, rotating blades, discharge
outlet and a vibrating separator equipped with a sieve for
the separation of seeds and husks. The machine was powered
with a 0.5 hp AC motor, and had overall dimensions of 1250
mm length, 1100 mm height, and 500 mm width. The obtained
results showed that the mean values of the cleaning
efficiency, husking capacity, husks percentage and whole
seeds percentage were 91.78 1 1.97%,
44.058 1 2.79 kg h-1, 34.24 1 0.94% and 61.99 1
3.52%, respectively. The husking machine total cost was
estimated at 600 US Dollars. |
| |
|
|
|
Title: |
Effect of different weeding intervals and
methods on the yield and yield components of maize hybrid
(pioneer 3025) |
|
Author (s): |
Wajeeh Ud
Din, Khalid Naveed, Shahid Iqbal, Anwar Ali, Shah Masaud
Khan,Naushad Ali and Izhar Hussain |
|
Abstract: |
A field experiment was
conducted to find out the weeding interval and comparison of
hand hoeing and chemical weed control in maize hybrid
(Pioneer 3025) at Agricultural Research Institute, D I Khan
Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Pakistan during summer season 2013. The
experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design
(RCBD) with three (3) replications and thirteen (13)
treatments. The treatments of hand hoeing and chemical weed
control were compared at 14, 21, 28, 35, 42 and 49 days
after maize sowing along with a un weeded control.
Biological yield and yield components of maize were
significantly affected by different weeding intervals. Plant
height, number of grains cob-1 and 1000 grain
weight was maximum when weeding was done from 14 to 35 days
after sowing while increased grain yield was obtained when
weeding was done after 28 and 35 days after sowing.
Significantly higher biological yield was recorded in weeded
treatments of 21, 28 and 42 days after sowing. Maximum
benefit cost ratio (BCR) and net income was obtained when
hand weeding was done after 28 days of sowing while the
minimum benefit cost ratio (BCR) and net income was obtained
in a plot where no weeding was done. It is concluded that
hand weeding is more profitable than chemical weeding. From
the study it is also concluded that weeds control measures
be carried in the first six weeks of maize sowing for
profitable production under agro-ecological condition of
Dera Ismail Khan. |
|
|
|
|
|
Title: |
Moringa leaf extract on the growth and yield
of pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) |
|
Author (s): |
Aluko
Matthew |
|
Abstract: |
The use of chemical fertilizers to improve
soil fertility, and hence, crop yield, have been reported to
have adverse effects on agricultural products, man and his
environment. Consequence upon this, there is a dire need to
evaluate the potentials of certain organic materials to
improve soil fertility and crop yield. To partly meet this
need, a pot experiment was conducted at the Teaching and
Research Farm of the Ekiti State University, Ado Ekiti,
Ekiti State, Nigeria (Latitude 7040
and 5015) to determine the effects of
moringa leaf extract (MLE) on the growth and yield
attributes of Pepper (Capsicum annuum). The
experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design
with five replicates. The treatments included two
concentrations of MLE, which were: 1:10 and 1:20, applied at
one and two weeks interval. Data were collected on stem
girth, plant height, number of leaves and fruit yield. The
results indicated existence of significant (P=0.05)
differences between the two MLE concentrations with respect
to their effects on the growth and yield of pepper. Foliar
application of MLE at 1:20 concentration, two weeks
interval, gave the highest values of growth and yield
parameters of pepper, and hence, it is recommended for
pepper farmers. |
| |
|
|
|
Title: |
Alternate
furrow irrigation and potassium
fertilizer on seed yield, water use efficiency and
fatty acids of rapeseed |
|
Author (s): |
Abdollah
Bahrani and Jafar Pourreza |
|
Abstract: |
In order to study
the effect of restricted irrigation systems and different
potassium fertilizer on water use efficiency and yield of
rapeseed (Brassica napus
L.), an
experiment was conducted in an arid area in Khuzestan, Iran
in 2013. The main plots consisted of three irrigation
methods: FI (full irrigation), alternate furrow irrigation (AFI)
and fixed furrow irrigation (FFI). Each subplot received
three rates of K fertiliser application: 0, 150 or 300 kg ha-1.
The results showed that the plots receiving the full
irrigation resulted in significantly higher grain yields,
1000-kernel weight and grain number per pod than both
alternate treatments. However, the highest WUE were obtained
in alternate furrow irrigation and 300 kg K ha-1
and the lowest one was found in the FI treatment and 0 kg K
ha-1.
Potassium application increased RWC in alternate furrow
irrigation and fixed furrow irrigation than FI treatment.
Maximum oil content was observed in those treatments where
full irrigation was applied while minimum oil content was
produced in FFI irrigated treatments. Potassium fertilizer also
increased grain oil by 15 % than control. Deficit irrigation
reduced oleic acid and erucic acid. However, oleic acid and
linoleic acid increased with increasing of potassium. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
