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| ARPN Journal of Agricultural and Biological
Science
March 2018 | Vol. 13 No. 3 |
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Title: |
Bacterial isolations of
plots with different agricultural management, metabolic
evaluation and viability with different pesticides |
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Author (s): |
García-Saavedra Y, Rivera A,
Romero O, Hernández F and Sánchez-Morales P |
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Abstract: |
Bacteria are organisms that
are of great importance in agriculture since they contribute
in multiple processes related to the availability of
nutrients in the soil, degradation of organic matter,
control of some pathogens, degradation of toxic compounds,
among others. This is because of the great diversity of
existing bacteria that result in a wide range of components
that can metabolize. The objective was to evaluate the
metabolic processes in soil bacterial isolates and observe
the inhibition of these isolates in the presence of Furadan,
Esteron and Malathion. The strains obtained were isolated
from soil samples from plots with conventional management
and plots that tend to agroecological management, the
isolates were identified, they underwent the metabolic test
in presence of different substrates, the biofilm formation
capacity was evaluated and their viability was evaluated in
presence of Furadan, Esteron and Malathion. Pseudomonas and
coliform genera were identified, the isolates from
conventional management samples were more activity in
presence of different substrates, and they had a greater
capacity to form biofilm, and had lower bacterial inhibition
in presence of the three pesticides evaluated. When
comparing the convention management samples and the
agroecological management samples, those that had the best
metabolic activity against different substrates, biofilm
formation and less inhibition against the three pesticides
evaluated were those of conventional management. |
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Title: |
Effect of Tef variety and
rates of Nitrogen fertilizer application on growth and yield
components under Jimma Condition |
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Author (s): |
Fenta Assefa |
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Abstract: |
Tef is a highly valued crop in
the national diet of Ethiopians. However, its productivity
is constrained by low plant-available soil nitrogen due to
depleting soil organic matter content and minimum usage of
improved variety in the producer. This problem is compounded
by low rates of N fertilizer applications and cultivating of
Tef varieties that is not improved in the country.
Therefore, a field experiment was carried out with the
objectives of studying the effects of rates of nitrogen
fertilizer and varieties on growth and yield components of
Tef and determining the most optimum Nitrogen fertilizer
application rate for Tef production, determine the response
of Tef varieties to different nitrogen fertilizer
application rates and identify high yielding Tef variety
.The treatments consisted of four levels of nitrogen (0, 46,
69 and 92 kg N ha-1) and two varieties (Jimma local and
Quoncho variety). The experiment was laid out as RCBD in
factorial treatment with three replications. Among the
parameters evaluated, five were affected by the main effect
of N fertilizer rate (days of panicle emergence, days to
maturity, plant height, number of effective tillers and
fresh biomass yield). Three parameters (days to panicle
emergence and days to maturity are high significantly
(p<0.01) affected and fresh biomass yield was significantly
(p<0.05) affected by varieties). However, plant height,
panicle length and numbers of effective tillers were
non-significantly affected by varieties. The only parameters
that were significantly affected by the interaction effects
of both nitrogen and varieties were Fresh biomass yield. |
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