Quantitative analysis of the effect of vehicle volume on CO, NOx, and SO2 concentrations in Makassar City
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Full Text |
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Author |
Sattar Yunus, Ismail Marzuki, Ramdiana Muis, Zulkifli, Ilham Anggamulia and Khalil Mahdi
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e-ISSN |
1819-6608 |
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On Pages
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1-6
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Volume No. |
21
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Issue No. |
1
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Issue Date |
March 10, 2026
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DOI |
https://doi.org/10.59018/012611
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Keywords |
vehicle volume, air pollution, sustainable transportation, linear regression, air quality.
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Abstract
This study aims to analyze quantitatively the relationship between vehicle volume and air pollution level in Makassar, a city that has experienced a significant increase in traffic density due to rapid urbanization. The main issue addressed in this research is the extent to which vehicle intensity contributes to the rising air pollution concentration in developing tropical urban areas. This study employs a correlational quantitative design with a descriptive-analytical approach. Primary data were obtained through direct measurements of vehicle volume and air pollutant concentrations (CO, NOx, and SO₂) on several main roads, while secondary data were obtained from relevant institutions. Data collection techniques included automatic vehicle counters, surveillance cameras, and portable air quality measuring devices. Data analysis includes descriptive statistical tests, Peason’s correlation test, and multiple linear regression with a significance level of 0.05. The study’s result reveals a strong positive relationship between vehicle volume and air level pollution (r > 0, 9; R² > 90%). Increases in vehicle volume significantly raise the concentration of CO, NOx, and SO₂, while meteorological factors act as moderating variables. This study affirms that traffic management and sustainable transport policies can reduce pollution levels effectively. The findings contribute theoretically to the development of urban environmental management studies and offer empirical foundation for the formulation of environmentally friendly transportation policies in developing cities like Makassar.
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