Preliminary study of mixing used cooking oil and lemon peel essential oil as an alternative fuel to replace biodiesel
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Full Text |
Pdf
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Author |
Elvianto Dwi Daryono, Rini Kartika Dewi, Fadiyah Shofy and Daniar Magribi
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e-ISSN |
1819-6608 |
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On Pages
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468-472
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Volume No. |
19
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Issue No. |
8
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Issue Date |
June 30, 2024
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DOI |
https://doi.org/10.59018/042464
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Keywords |
biodiesel, expensive, used cooking oil, lemon essential oil, fuel.
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Abstract
Biodiesel is an environmentally friendly renewable bio-energy with many advantages over diesel fuel. The
disadvantage of biodiesel is that the price is still relatively expensive so it cannot compete with diesel fuel. This high price
is due to the high cost of raw materials and manufacturing process costs. Raw materials such as palm oil, methanol and
methyl acetate are expensive, and the transesterification and interesterification processes require long process stages that
require a lot of energy supply. The solution to overcome this problem is to use cheap raw materials and a simple
manufacturing process. Used cooking oil is household waste that has prospects as a raw material. Another ingredient used
is lemon essential oil. Lemon essential oil can be made yourself by extracting lemon peel waste using a boiling or steaming
process. The lemon essential oil used is also small, namely a maximum of 5% of the mass of used cooking oil. It is hoped
that mixing used cooking oil with lemon essential oil can replace biodiesel. Lemon essential oil is a bio-additive that can
improve the quality of used cooking oil to approach the physical properties of biodiesel. With this new process, it is hoped
that it can produce fuel that is cheap but of good quality. The aim of the research is to obtain a new fuel to replace biodiesel
that is cheaper and more efficient, namely with cheap raw materials and fewer process stages so that it will reduce
production costs. The research began with the activation of zeolite as an adsorbent for purifying used cooking oil with
variables including zeolite mass of 400 grams, calcination temperature of 300⁰C, activation time of 2 hours and zeolite
size > 80 mesh. The second stage of the research was purifying used cooking oil with zeolite using a variable volume of 3
liters of used cooking oil and a purification time of 1 hour. The third stage of the research was mixing purified used
cooking oil with lemon essential oil with variable volume of essential oil (3, 4, 5, 6, 7% oil volume) and mixing
temperature (30, 40, 50⁰C), mixing time 60 minutes, stirring speed 500 rpm and oil volume 150 mL. After the mixing time
and the sample temperature reached room temperature, an analysis of the density, acid number, viscosity and FFA of used
cooking oil with bio-additive lemon essential oil was carried out. The analysis results are compared with the biodiesel
standard SNI 7182-2015 to see whether the product/sample approaches the physical properties of biodiesel.
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