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ARPN Journal of Engineering and Applied
Sciences
October 2013 | Vol. 8 No.
10 |
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Title: |
Clustering
algorithms based on energy efficiency in wireless sensor
networks: survey |
Author (s): |
Aouad siham, El ganami Driss and Maach Abdelilah |
Abstract: |
This Technological development of
micro-electronics and wireless networks have created a new
generation of large scale sensor suitable for a varied range
of applications, it is the wireless sensor networks (WSN). In
spite of the remarkable advances in WSN, there are still many
problems to solve. However, the control of the energy
consumption by sensor networks and maximizing their lifetime
are the most fundamental issues. The use of wireless sensor
networks is often correlated with an absence of infrastructure
this raises the problem of activation of the network topology
and maintaining this connectivity. Therefore the network needs
to perform an initialization phase to self-organize. Actually
most of self-organization protocols used in wireless sensor
networks is mainly based on clustering. In this paper, we
present a survey of clustering algorithms based on energy
efficiency in WSNs highlighting their objectives, features,
complexity, etc. |
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Title: |
Single phase
cascaded multilevel inverter using multcarrier PWM technique |
Author (s): |
P. Vinod
Kumar, Ch. Santosh kumar and K. Ramesh Reddy |
Abstract: |
This paper deals with Single Phase Five level
Inverter using Multi Carrier Based Pulse width modulation
Technique. The voltage quality of conventional two level
inverter is poor due the presence of harmonics and hence
produces power loss which reduces the efficiency of the
system. The multilevel inverter is used to improve the voltage
quality by reducing the harmonics, as the number of voltage
levels of multilevel inverter is increased the harmonics are
reduced and hence losses are minimized significantly. The
simulation of single phase cascaded five level multilevel is
done using mMulticarrier PWM technique and compared with
stepped wave. Hardware module is designed for stepped wave and
multicarrier PWM. The outputs of both simulation and hardware
are analyzed. |
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Title: |
Comparative
study on mechanical properties of geopolymers and their
composites |
Author (s): |
Venkateswararao J, Srinivasa Rao. K, Rambabu. K and Brahma Reddy
T. |
Abstract: |
This paper presents the relative results of an
experimental investigation on the fresh and hardened
properties of Geopolymer concrete(GPC), Geopolymer Concrete
Composites (GPCC) containing 80% Fly ash (FA), 20% Ground
Granulated Blast Furnace Slag (GGBS). Sodium based alkaline
liquid is used as an activator. The study also analyses the
impact of steel fibers on the workability and mechanical
properties of GPCC. Steel fibers were added to the mix in the
volume fractions of 0.25%, 0.5% and 0.75% volume of the
concrete. From the results it is observed that as the age of
concrete increases the mechanical properties of GPCC are found
to be improving significantly. Inclusion of steel fibers
resulted in improved compressive and flexural strengths at the
early ages. However tensile strength is found to be improved
significantly at later stages. |
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Title: |
Performance
analysis of MINO wireless system with array antenna |
Author (s): |
Mihir Narayan
Mohanty MIEEE |
Abstract: |
High data rate in wireless communication is a
great demand in modern age, but the limited available
bandwidth motivates the investigation and new area of research
in wireless systems. Increasing demand for higher wireless
system capacity has catalysed several transmission techniques,
among which is the multiple-input/multiple-output (MIMO)
technology has an attraction. In this paper, it has been
compared among various multi-antennas (MA) at both the
transmitter and receiver ends for significant capacity
achievement. The use of antennas at both sides of the wireless
communication link can result in high channel capacity
provided the propagation medium is rich. Rayleigh fading has
been considered as the propagation medium for verification.
Also the performance has been measured in terms of bit error
rate (BER) along with the capacity measurement. The result
shows its performance. As the number of antennas to be
increased for better performance, array structure is the
suitable solution. The radiation pattern for linear array has
been observed for maximum of 16 elements. |
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Title: |
Complexity
measuring approaches to assessing of assembly supply chain
structures |
Author (s): |
David Marton |
Abstract: |
Networked manufacturing systems are becoming
increasingly complex. One of the major challenges at the early
configuration design stage is to make a decision about a
suitable networked manufacturing structure that will satisfy
the production functional requirements and will make
managerial tasks simpler and more cost effective. An
experimental approach for assessing the structural complexity
of supply chain networks is presented in this paper. Its main
scope is to present a methodical approach to generate assembly
supply chain structural models and subsequently to test and
evaluate their structural complexity properties. |
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Title: |
Simulation
results on experimental implementation of crone control
strategies for speed control of a dc motor |
Author (s): |
N.N. Praboo
and P.K. Bhaba |
Abstract: |
This work
deals with the design of Commande Robuste d’Ordre Non Entier
(CRONE) control strategy for the speed control of DC motor.
The systematic design of three generations of CRONE control
strategy is detailed. The transfer function of DC motor is
derived analytically and represented as a second order model.
Using this model the three generations of CRONE control
strategies is designed and tested in simulation. The servo and
regulatory responses of all the three generations of CRONE
control strategy is compared and the result is reported in
terms of error indices. The simulation results show that the
third generation CRONE control strategy is more effective and
gives superior performance over the other. |
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Title: |
Sustainable
concrete for the construction industry |
Author (s): |
S. Bala
Murugan, G. Mohan Ganesh and A. S. Santhi |
Abstract: |
The experimental investigation is mainly
focused on the development of cost effective high strength
concrete containing high volume fly ash. Fly ash is a
byproduct of coal fired electric power station. The current
annual worldwide production of coal ash is estimated about 700
million tonne. Fly ash is a beneficial mineral admixture for
concrete. It influences many properties of concrete in both
fresh and hardened state concrete. Utilization of waste
materials in cement and concrete industry reduces the
environmental problems; also utilization reduces the amount of
solid waste, green house gas emissions associated with
Portland clinker production and conserves existing natural
resources. Due to increase in demand for cement, there is a
need of alternate material. Since fly ash is pozzolanic in
nature, it can act as partial replacement material for
Portland cement. In this study, keeping the binder content as
constant and replacing cement with fly ash upto 60%, the
mechanical behaviors such as compressive strength, and split
tensile strength were studied. Concrete with higher percentage
of fly ash (60%) attained compressive strength of 47.08 N/mm2
and 50.50 N/mm2 at 28 and 90 days respectively.
Further the Cost analysis was done for all the mixtures. C60
mixture concrete can seem 22 % savings of cost than
conventional concrete. |
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Title: |
Irradiance
distribution of image surface in microlens array solar
concentrator |
Author (s): |
Ali H. Al-Hamdani,
Hayfa G. Rashid and Alaa B. Hasan |
Abstract: |
Irradiance distribution of image surface has
been investigated in multiple prototypes of microlens array
solar concentrator by using optical design program ZEMAX in
sequential and nonsequential ray tracing mode. The prototypes
composed of 1-D or 2-D acrylic microlens array with and
without multimode slab waveguide to concentrate sun light in
photovoltaic cell PVC. The all optical concentrator systems
ensure roughly organized power distribution in all
photovoltaic cell (PVC). |
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Title: |
Mathematical
analysis for the loss of future storage capacity at Maithon
reservoir, India |
Author (s): |
Biprodip
Mukherjee, Subhasish Das and Asis Mazumdar |
Abstract: |
Reservoir siltation is
inevitable because of continuous deposition of silts,
pollutants etc due to soil erosion from upstream part of river
and domestic / industrial waste intrusion in the river. The
pace of siltation process can only be retarded which would
indirectly aid to life of the reservoir. This paper presents a
study on the future storage capability along with reliability
in the serviceability of the Maithon reservoir, India. The
surveyed capacity elevation data for the year 1956, 1965,
1971, 1979, 1987, 1994, 2002 and 2010 were considered for the
analysis. A graphical relation for storage loss at different
stages such as dead storage, live storage, flood storage level
and overall capacity loss are presented. Mathematically linear
trend equations of the above relations are developed with vide
validation with the original surveyed data. From the above
equations the loss of storage capacity in the future years are
also found out at the various stages of the reservoir storage. |
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Title: |
Exoskeleton
robot manipulator for gait refrainment |
Author (s): |
Aann Smita
Abraham, N Arunai Nambiraj and P. Vivekananda Shanmugan |
Abstract: |
Design and implementation of a low cost gait
refrainment device which helps in the mobility of the MS
(multiple sclerosis) patients is discussed. Walking impairment
is one of the most ubiquitous features of MS. There is an
increasing trend in using robots for medical purposes like
rehabilitation. There is some commercial exercise machines
used for rehabilitation purposes. However, these machines have
limited use because of their insufficient motion freedom and
lack of flexibility. This paper introduces an exoskeleton
robot manipulator for gait assistance of MS patients. The
exoskeleton is capable of supporting the bodyweight of the
patient partially. It takes the EMG signals of the patient to
generate the control signals to the actuator. The exoskeleton
proved to be of much help to the MS patients in walking as the
patient can control it like a normal leg. |
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Title: |
Analysis of submerged flow under a gate with prismatic sill |
Author (s): |
Sarhan
Abdulsatar Sarhan |
Abstract: |
Sluice gates are widely used in irrigation
structure, sills under gates has positive effect on flow
performance under the gate and reduce its height. An
experimental study in a laboratory flume is carried out to
study submerged flow passing the opening between the sill and
the gate. Four different heights of trapezoidal sill models
were used and one without sill, the five groups were ran with
four different gate opening. The basic principles of
statistical analysis are employed to correlate between the
hydraulic and geometric dimensionless parameters with the
discharge coefficient. Different relationship models with
acceptable significance are suggested. It was found that the
some of dimensionless parameters effecting positively on the
value of discharge coefficient by increasing its value such as
(d/B, Fr, P/Y1, P/d), and other decreasing the value of Cd
such as (Yt/d, P/B, H/d, Y1/Y2,
P/Y2, P/H). The value of Cd range
from
0.34 to 0.77, with Standard Error 0.006411.
Within the limitations of the present experimental work an
equation for prediction the value of the discharge coefficient
is suggested with R square is 0.936 and stadard Error of
estimate equle to 0.0240235. The actual discharge was checked
by the sugested equation which shows a good greement
with Adj. R2=0.993. |
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Title: |
Cost-benefit
analysis of road safety measures |
Author (s): |
Marco
Guerrieri |
Abstract: |
Road accidents represent one of
the most serious problems faced by the Ministries of Public
Health in the World. In Italy for example, in the year 2007
there were almost 330, 000 injuries and 5, 131 fatalities;
230, 871 crashes in all which resulted in an estimated € 30.4
billion financial loss, corresponding to 2% of GDP. In 1999
the National Road Safety Plan (NRSP), among other things,
funded the requalification of several unsafe road
infrastructures at higher risk of accidents. Unlike other
infrastructure investment plans, NRSP usually requires: i)
specific safety analysis of crash history to identify the
critical road; ii) proactive action, e.g. RSAs and
RSARs; iii) before-after accident study; iv)
ex-post monitoring of road user behaviors, etc. The paper
presents some unsafe roads in urban and suburban areas which
were renovated through NRSP strategies and whose projects were
submitted to Road Safety Audit procedure for black spot
treatment. It examines the effect of physical traffic calming
measures (e.g. roundabouts) on accident risk and user
behaviours: ante- and post-operam evaluations are compared on
the basis of accident data and investigations in situ
(particularly traffic flow and operating speed). Finally, a
profitability analysis of several parameters (e.g. accident
social costs) is performed. In a region like Sicily, the first
Road Administration investments on unsafe infrastructures,
partially funded by NPRS, have shown very positive results as
to safety and financial aspects. |
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Title: |
Roast-alkaline leaching of silica from kaolinitic clay |
Author (s): |
Y. Abdullahi,
E.A. Ali and Lawal A.O. |
Abstract: |
The main aim of this study is to extract silica
from calcined kaolinitic clay treated with sodium hydroxide
solution. Beneficiated kankara kaolinitic clay was calcined at
1000 °C for 1 hour to activate the silica content in the clay.
The silica was extracted from the clay in an alkaline medium
using 5, 10, 20, 30, and 40% w/w NaOH and a contact time of
20minutes. Although the logarithmic function gave silica
extraction efficiency of 99.6% (R² = 0.996) and solubility of
65%, with 40% w/w NaOH, the high solubility of alumina in this
solution was a major drawback. Investigations on the effect of
contact time on the solubility of silica in the alkaline
solutions revealed 49% leaching of silica, decreased
solubility of alumina and extraction efficiency of 84.9% (R² =
0.849) at 30mins in 25% NaOH optimized concentration. The
amount of alumina leached by different concentrations of NaOH
increased with increase in concentrations of NaOH but the
solubility of the alumina in the alkaline solution was less
than that of the silica at any specific contact time studied. |
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Title: |
Nanostructured TiO2 and their energy
applications-a review |
Author (s): |
E.
Nyankson, B. Agyei-Tuffour, J. Asare, E. Annan, E. R. Rwenyagila,
D. S. Konadu, A. Yaya
and D.
Dodoo-Arhin |
Abstract: |
Environmental sustainability and
reliable energy sources are major challenges facing the world
in the 21st century. Ironically, the solution to
these taunting problems may lie in something small.
Nanomaterials with attractive chemical and physical properties
are being explored for potential uses in energy and
environmental applications. Nanostructured Titanium dioxide
(TiO2) has gained considerable attention in the
energy and environment sectors due to their brilliant
prospects in photo catalysis, solar cells, environmental
pollution treatment and its use in solar water splitting for
the production of H2. There are many processing
techniques such as; the Sol gel (SG), the
hydro-thermal (HT), the solvo-thermal (ST) and chemical vapor
deposition (CVD) which are used in the production of
nanostructured TiO2 for the applications stated
above. This review aims at examining the general
characteristics of nanostructured TiO2 and its
application in dye sensitized solar cells, photocatalytic
splitting of water and solid state hydrogen storage devices.
The analysis is meant to demystify the anxiety associated with
the application of nanomaterials in solving everyday
challenges in the energy and environmental sectors. |
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