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ARPN Journal of Engineering and
Applied Sciences August 2017 | Vol. 12 No. 16 |
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Title: |
Renewable energy systems with integrated
active filter capabilities |
Author (s): |
Pathan Soheba Taj, J. Jayachandran and
Malathi S. |
Abstract: |
Conventional energy sources are not preferred, rather, wind energy is
mainly used which is a renewable source of energy and is unlimited in
nature. Wind turbines are of two types-variable speed wind turbine and
fixed speed wind turbine. At distinct wind speeds, wind turbine has to
run at variable rotor speed to obtain the maximum power. Power
converters can be used to accomplish the maximum power. DFIG is one
among variable speed wind turbine and is mainly considered, due to its
high energy output, damping performance, low- converter rating and low
cost. Another renewable source of energy which is nothing but solar
energy is incorporated by applying Synchronous reference frame
algorithm. For improving power quality and to obtain maximum power wind
energy conversion system (WECS) is provided with doubly fed induction
generator (DFIG). The role of rotor side converter (RSC) is to
distribute reactive power to DFIG whereas grid side converter (GSC) is
used to get even DC voltage and reduce harmonics which is due to
non-linear load. WECS acts like DFIG to reduce deviations and
distortions of voltage and current from sinusoidal waveform even when
the wind turbine is at halt. In case of solar system, for reactive power
compensation and to get three phase active power the SPV system is
linked to VSC. For extracting maximum power and to increase the
efficiency from the SPV array, a single-stage three phase grid system is
used along MPPT technique which is integrated with the synchronous
reference frame algorithm. Both the sources are compared and the best
system out of the two systems has been obtained using MATLAB simulation. |
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Title: |
Modelling of suspended sediment transport
in coastal Demak Indonesia by using currents analyzing |
Author (s): |
Denny Nugroho Sugianto, Sugeng Widada,
Anindya Wirasatriya, Aris Ismanto, Alfin Darari and Suripin |
Abstract: |
Demak
experienced severe abrasions in recent years and Demak coastal erosion
has become a national issue. In this study we conducted through a case a
study influence of ocean currents and soils structures abrasion. The
study covered from 3 -10th June 2016 with ADCP to record 7 x 24 hours.
The shear stress in the flow above a bottom-mounted ADCP is estimated
from the difference of velocity variance in the opposing ADCP beams. The
dynamics of current velocity and validation with current measurement
using Sontek Argonaut observation, it was obtained a value of RMSE. The
result is the highest flow velocity occurs at a depth of 6 m flow
velocities ranging between 0098-0126 m / s east and 0114-0149 m / s
north. The yield on the scatter plot shows that the predominant
direction of the current is moving to the Northeast. |
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Title: |
A comparison analysis of PWM circuit with
Arduino and FPGA |
Author (s): |
A. Zemmouri, R. Elgouri, Mohammed Alareqi,
H. Dahou, M. Benbrahim and L. Hlou |
Abstract: |
This
paper discusses a comparison between two PWM circuits the first based on
control boards such as Arduino by its IDE (The Arduino integrated
development environment and the second FPGA mono processor architecture
(Micro Blaze) as the circuit formed by the VHDL. This study compared the
space occupied and the power dissipated by PWM circuit between both
platforms Arduino and FPGA. The PWM circuit was simulated practically on
Arduino boards and FPGA vertix5 by the oscilloscope and data acquisition
with Signal Express software provided by NI LabVIEW. |
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Title: |
Preliminary study design model for
harmonic filter of power system stability using ETAP Power Station |
Author (s): |
Erwin Dermawan, Deni Almanda, Dede Erland
Ramadhan, Ery Diniardi, Syawaluddin and Anwar Ilmar Ramadhan |
Abstract: |
Harmonic current and voltage harmonic are one of the problems that
commonly occur in a power system which has a constituent component in
the form of non-linear loads. Harmonic currents and harmonic voltage can
affect the stability of the power system itself and have a negative
effect on electrical components others, therefore we need a step that
needs to be done to minimize the adverse impacts of the case one of them
is to use passive filters. The method used is to use measurement data
acquisition is then carried through a simulation calculation for the
initial model designs using ETAP Power Station. Results obtained are:
The average value of the magnitude of harmonic currents and harmonic
voltage varies with the largest value occurs on the order of 3,
therefore, the design of the filter is set on the order of 3. And the
value of THDi and THDv before and after the filter mounted on the
initial design models using ETAP Power Station is the value of THDi and
THDv before installed are 18.87% and 5.33%, whereas once it's installed
and the values THDi and THDv are 13.24 % and 3.46%. |
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Title: |
Design and analysis of wind turbine
Nacelle transport frame for road transport |
Author (s): |
S. Ravikumar and S. Harish Kumar |
Abstract: |
The
Wind turbine is a Machine which produces electricity by using Kinetic
energy of the wind and convert to mechanical energy. There are many
mechanical components involves such as blades, hub, Nacelle etc.
Transportation of wind turbine components is a very critical process due
to its large size and weight which to be handled with precaution. This
paper deals with the transportation of wind turbine nacelle transport
frame from manufacturing site to erection site. Road conditions in India
have many bumps and uneven road surfaces which cause sudden impact and
vibration are two major factors which have a direct effect on a nacelle
is being transported by road. The vibration that occurs in Nacelle
structures and its transport frame is undesirable, not only because of
the resulting unpleasant motions, noise and dynamic stresses which may
lead to fatigue and failure of the structure. The result of the
vibrational condition causes damage to nacelle bed frame. The Nacelle
bed frame with transport frame is taken in the consideration and checked
for its performance for road vibration condition. A transport frame
model with a bed frame and yaw top is modeled using 3D software
Pro/Engineer wildfire 5 and Analyzed using analysis software code called
Ansys Workbench 16. It is usually much easier to analyze and modify a
structure at the design stage than modify a structure with undesirable
vibration characteristics after it has been built. For the damages
caused to a wind turbine nacelle bed frame due to random vibration, the
operating frequency of the existing transport frame was modified and
dynamic analysis has been performed to prevent such damage. |
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Title: |
Review on hole cleaning for horizontal
wells |
Author (s): |
Bashir Busahmin, Nawaf H. Saeid, Gamal
Alusta and El-Said M. M. Zahran |
Abstract: |
Since
the demand for oil is increasing worldwide, it is expected to drill more
and more wells, like vertical, horizontal and directional wells. However
nowadays the economy is a bit down, where the oil price is fluctuating.
To decrease the cost of drilling operations and increase the recovery
performance, the parameters that control the hole cleaning must be
investigated and optimized especially in horizontal and deviated wells.
In these wells the cuttings concentration is higher than in straight
holes, therefore a usable hole then will be obtained. Currently the hole
cleaning topic become more challenging subject matter and important
issue for researchers. Therefore, in this study a set of analytical and
a numerical model is presented for vertical and the horizontal well-
bores. The critical transport fluid flow and the subcritical fluid flow
i.e. moving upward or downward of the cutting bed concentrations is a
major effect on hole cleaning. Inefficient hole cleaning and formation
of beds lead to problems such as, premature bit wear, high torque and
drag, stuck pipe and slow drilling rates which increase drilling time
and costs. For vertical wells, as addressed in the literature, the
proper hole cleaning is basically dependent on drilling hydraulics which
includes; mud rheology i.e. mud properties, such as mud weight /density,
viscosity, gel strength, etc. Formation of cutting beds is noticed near
the entry section of the annulus and the transport of the cuttings in
the annular section occurs in the form of multiphase flow regime.
Drilling mud flow rate, angle of inclination and rate of penetration
have a major impact on cutting concentrations. Proper prediction of
these parameters is important to avoid formation of cutting beds. This
research will propose a numerical model for hole cleaning in the
horizontal well-bores as well as the comparison between vertical and
horizontal well-bore. |
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Title: |
Design and analysis of vibration isolation
pad of a heavy load machine and to perform the progressive rate
frequency analysis |
Author (s): |
A. Krishnamoorthy and M. Jayavel |
Abstract: |
Vibration isolator is a material which is placed at the bottom of the
small or heavy machineries in mechanical industries to reduce vibration
of machine in dynamic condition. Recent years, the materials used in the
isolation pad are elastomeric pads or mounts, helical steel springs,
wire rope springs, and air springs. In this paper, we deal with
increasing the performance of isolation pad from existing one by
changing the design and material of the isolation pad. Existing design
has a spring isolator and two new design models are created from the
existing “Spring Isolator” model. The redesigned model has a helical
spring with a parabolic shaped part, attached to it and the other model
is helical spring with the spherical ball shaped part, attached to it.
The design models have been designed in solid works. Static and dynamic
analysis have been performed in ANSYS Workbench. |
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Title: |
Video based Indian sign language
recognition using block zig-zag DCT features and Mahalanobis distance
classifier |
Author (s): |
Sunita Ravi, M. Suman and P. V. V. Kishore |
Abstract: |
The
objective of this paper is to recognize discrete words from videos of
Indian sign language. Sign language recognition is still not popular
research area in India till recently. This paper introduces a fast model
to extract hands form the video sequences and to generate features. We
introduce a local cosine feature (LCF) to describe the hand shapes with
minimum number of features. It is based on 2D discrete cosine transform
(DCT) applied through total variational model. The features for each
sign video are classified with Mahalanobis distance classifier.
Mahalanobis distance based pattern analysis is becoming popular due to
their compactness and faster time to execution. A total of 20 isolated
words are from Indian Sign Language (ISL) are trained and tested.
Experimental results using the proposed model produced a recognition
rate of 90.44%, which when compared to system with DCT features which is
81%. |
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Title: |
Evaluating the effect of viewing angle in
different conditions for gait recognition |
Author (s): |
Nahid Ameer Makhdoomi, Teddy Surya Gunawan
and Mira Kartiwi |
Abstract: |
Gait
recognition has gained interest of researchers as it performs
identification of subjects at a distance from the camera. However, due
to the changes in the viewing angles, it gets cumbersome for a system to
perform recognition based on the walking pattern of an individual. In
this work, the aim is to present a baseline method for the purpose of
human recognition based on the shape of its body and walking pattern
when the subject is observed from different viewing angles. The
recognition is also tested on the subject in two different scenarios,
apart from being observed at different viewing angles. Gait periodicity
is estimated after extracting the silhouettes of an individual, followed
by obtaining the total silhouette representation of an individual using
Matlab. The total silhouette representations obtained from the probe
gait data are compared to the gallery gait data representations for the
purpose of similarity computation by calculating the RMS value between
the said representations. Higher the value, lesser is the similarity &
vice versa. The experiments are conducted on the CASIA gait dataset and
obtained the gait recognition rate ranging from 23% to 69% in different
scenarios. The results show that the proposed method outperforms the
other existing methods & puts a decent fight to the base algorithm. |
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Title: |
An automatic hybrid approach to detect
concealed weapons using deep learning |
Author (s): |
Suhad Al-Shoukry |
Abstract: |
Detecting concealed weapon underneath a person's clothing is important
for public safety in places such as airports. The success rate of our
proposed approach in detecting concealed weapons based on fused images
is higher than that of the bag-of-features approach. Our approach uses a
traditional discrete wavelet transform with hybrid bag-of-words to
obtain fused imagery. We then utilized convolutional neural network
(CNN) with a pre-trained CNN model using the CNN features of the fused
image to train a multi class SVM classifier. Our approach works well
with X-ray images. The experimental results indicate the efficiency of
the proposed hybrid approach. |
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Title: |
Analysis of combined metal casting thermal
conditions: The pressing process during conform installation |
Author (s): |
Gorokhov Y. V., Skuratov A. P., Belyaev S.
V., Gubanov I. Y., Uskov I. V., Lesiv E. M., Ivanov A. G., Kirko V. I.,
Koptseva N. P. and Potapenko A. S. |
Abstract: |
The
outlet temperature of the profiles is determined by the thermal
conditions of the combined Conform process and exerts a decisive
influence of this process’ effectiveness. Therefore, designating the
thermal conditions for continuous pressing via the Conform method is an
important task instrumental in rationally devising a manufacturing
technology for profiles. The temperature conditions for the pressing
process may be calculated via numerical methods since an augmentation in
the task's rhythm and factors would only result in an increased quantity
of calculations and the need to utilize COMPUTERS with the corresponding
storage spaces and speed. At the same time, the application of
engineering calculation methods, especially when analytical dependence
is obtained with a reasonable degree of accuracy, is still important and
useful. This article presents engineering methods designed for
determining thermal conditions based on a heat balance equation that are
easily realized in the Microsoft Excel program and allow us to determine
temperature conditions in the course of pressing in the case of discrete
initial data input. The practical application of this obtained solution
does not require the special skills that engineers and technicians
possess and provides a means to analyze the influence of the process’s
key parameters in the event of a change in temperature conditions during
the course of pressing for the purpose of developing an optimum
manufacturing technology for profiles. |
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Title: |
Dynamic load balancing using Queuing
Interface System |
Author (s): |
Sairam R., Neshan Anand and V. Deeban
Chakravarthy |
Abstract: |
Software-Defined Networking (SDN) has grown to become a very promising
network architectural design in which network devices are controlled by
a SDN Controller. Employing SDN offers an attractive solution for
network security especially for Brute force attacks in SDN environments.
This project analyzes the characteristics of the traffic flow
up-streaming to an ISP server during both states of normal and brute
force traffic attacks. Based on the traffic analysis, an SDN-based
Attack Prevention design is constructed which proposes to capture and
analyze incoming flows on-the-fly. A channel search prevention mechanism
was then designed using both hard decision thresholds and Queuing
Inference System to detect the Brute force attack. The system is
designed in a way which releases attack flows based on the demands from
the control plane in order to detect and determine the presence of
attacks. |
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Title: |
Welding power supply with improved power
quality |
Author (s): |
Srividya A. S., S. Malathi and J.
Jayachandran |
Abstract: |
A
switched mode power supply for Manual Metal Arc Welding (MMAW) is
proposed in this paper. This is done as a comparative study, using two
different converters at the front end - namely, Zeta converter and
Canonical Switching Cell converter. Both the converters operate in
discontinuous inductor current mode (DICM) to accomplish inherent Power
Factor Correction (PFC). This mode of operation reduces the intricacy of
control and provides considerable dc-voltage regulation. A pulse width
modulated (PWM) isolated full bridge dc-dc converter is used at the load
side, for both the designs to provide high frequency isolation. A closed
loop control is being envisaged to incorporate dc voltage regulation at
the output and to provide over current protection, so that the designs
are suitable for the intended application. The designs have been
simulated and the results obtained show how these two designs satisfy
the requirement of the power supply for arc welding process. The
performance of the two power supplies have been evaluated on the basis
of power supply current, dynamic characteristics, power factor and
voltage regulation. |
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Title: |
SDN enabled packet based load-balancing (PLB)
technique in Data Center networks |
Author (s): |
J. Saisagar, Prashant Kothari D., Ruturaj
U. Kadikar and V. Deeban Chakravarthy |
Abstract: |
The
traffic in Data Center networks has been increasing constantly in the
past few years. It is almost impossible for one server to handle all the
requests coming from the client because of this huge traffic. Hence the
solution is to balance the load by transferring the traffic to the
underutilized core switches. Traditional load balancers use very
expensive and inflexible hardware. Since these load balancers are locked
in by the vendors, only few fixed algorithms can be used which neither
can be modified in the future nor innovative algorithms be created by
the network administrators. An alternative of these hardware based load
balancers is to use SDN Load balancers. These SDN load balancers do not
require costly hardware and can be programmed, which it makes it easier
to implement user-defined algorithms and load balancing strategies. In
this paper, we have implemented packet based load balancing technique
using OpenFlow v Switches connected to ONOS controller. |
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Title: |
Design and implementation of E-commerce
web application |
Author (s): |
Vinitha Stephie V. and M. Lakshmi |
Abstract: |
The
primary focus of this paper work is about the design of Web portal for
the trading and welfare for pets. A “usability subculture” has evolved
as a result of emerging web technologies. The user centered design will
become more important in an increasingly competitive market. Because of
this application the users can make an ease approach into Veterinary
Science, clubs, buying and selling of pets and its accessories. By
viewing this site, one can make clear decision while buying a new pet
initially. Further one can get to know information about the breed and
its life cycle, in regard with its nature, habitant, food culture and
purpose. The people who are fond of animals can opt themselves as a
social reformer. A user can also enroll themselves as a community member
and have a full access towards its responsibilities. In additional,
anyone can get to know about nearby localities anywhere related to pets.
Thus this web application enables one’s mind to be enlightened and one
to get their loved ones & their necessities at one spot. |
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Title: |
Finite element analysis of mode I and mode
II micromechanics of mid - diaphyseal femur transverse fracture based on
cortical bone homogeneity |
Author (s): |
Nurul Najwa Mansor, Ruslizam Daud, Khairul
Salleh Basaruddin, Fauziah Mat and Yazid Bajuri |
Abstract: |
The
mechanic of diaphyseal fracture in human cortical femur bone depends on
the bone fracture resistance. At microscale, composition and
nanomechanical properties of diaphysis femur at all cortices may
contributes to the fragility of fracture. This paper present a finite
homogeneity model of two-dimensional micromechanical diaphysis cortical
femur bone subjected to Mode I loading condition. The fracture parameter
e.g. stress intensity factor (SIF) and strain energy release rate are
evaluated based on linear elastic fracture mechanics (LEFM) theory. The
finite element (FE) modeling were simulated for four anatomical
positions in cortical bone which are posterior, anterior, medial and
lateral at different variability of bone properties, associated to
transverse crack which is isotropy linked to its microstructure. The
results indicate a good agreement to the analytical formulation for
brittle fracture. However, by using displacement extrapolation method,
all cortices resulted with same value of SIF but not for strain energy
release rate. |
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Title: |
Preliminary study on the effect of the
inclusion of palm oil fuel ash (POFA) in foamed concrete on compressive
strength and porosity |
Author (s): |
Wenny Arminda and Hanizam binti Awang |
Abstract: |
Utilization of palm oil fuel ash (POFA) in concrete is increasing in
recent years as an effort to mitigate the global warming and
environmental damage caused by the high energy consumption due to the
production of cement. Many researchers investigated the POFA as an
alternative binder to mitigate the cement usage in producing concrete. A
foamed concrete mixes have been prepared having a density of 900kg/m3
with a filler to binder ratio of 1:1.5 and three levels of POFA
replacement. A polycarboxylate based super plasticizer was added to the
mixes at a dosage of 0.75% by weight of the binder. The compressive
strength and porosity have been investigated for preliminary study. The
results reveal that at 28 days, the LFC-PF30 concrete obtained higher
compressive strength and porosity of 1.78MPa and 56% respectively, as
compared with the normal foamed concrete (NFC). |
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Title: |
Water absorption of styrofoam concrete |
Author (s): |
Andi Prasetiyo Wibowo |
Abstract: |
Styrofoam concrete in this paper is a concrete that made from aggregates
that derived from waste pieces of styrofoam as a substitute for coarse
aggregate in order to reduce the weight of the concrete. Volume
composition ratio of sand and bits of styrofoam as the fine aggregate is
60:40. Styrofoam concrete has a weight only 1510.86 kg / m3 and can be
used as a building wall material. Styrofoam concrete also possesses a
waterproof ability, because the water absorption capacity is only
11.97%. |
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Title: |
Coupling thermal mass and water systems as
urban passive design in hot climates |
Author (s): |
Puteri Shireen Jahn Kassim, Nurul Syala
Abdul Latip and Mustaffa Kamal Bashar Mohd. Fauzi |
Abstract: |
The
impact of water in buildings is studied as a combination of vertical
walls and horizontal pools that creates a combined passive cooling
system for public spaces in hot climates. The paper draws from
traditional water-based systems principles and forms in Mughal
architecture, with the aim of studying its thermal cooling impact using
CFD. Due to rapid urbanization in cities, there is a heightened demand
for cool, dry comfort yet energy use can be saved by focusing on the
cooling of workplace spaces while public areas are naturally cooled to
reduce the carbon lock-in effects of cities. Selected sections of 16th
and 17th century Mughal complexes are analysed in terms of its
combination of both thermal mass (thick, high density walls), water
pools, water walls and channels. The study initially looks at water to
ground ratios of different Mughal gardens and enclosed courtyards, the
overall integration of pools, channels, and water walls in past forms.
More importantly, it analyses the impact of the coupling of thermal mass
and water elements in a passive system within an infrastructure to
achieve almost zero reliance of non-renewable energy for its public
areas. |
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Title: |
Design enhancement of an oscillating water
column for harnessing of wave energy |
Author (s): |
Sadam Shareen Abbasi, Teh Hee Min, Siti
Habibah Shafiai, Sea Yi Theng and Lim Chai Heng |
Abstract: |
Renewable energy resources are in increased demand due to environmental
and economic problems associated with the conventional energy resources
like fossil fuels. In the past few decades, different ideas, designs and
devices have been put forward to extract energy from sea waves.
Oscillating water column (OWC) technology is one of these new tools
being adopted for wave energy extraction. An OWC device converts wave
energy into electricity using high speed air flow caused by fluctuations
in water level induced by incoming sea waves. This paper briefly
describes two main components of an OWC i.e. air chamber and power take
off system. The air chamber, being the major component in energy
conversion process, holds significant importance in research studies.
Geometric components of an OWC chamber affecting the efficiency of an
OWC are also discussed. Although studies have been done on improvement
of air chamber designs; however, very few researchers have explored OWC
applications under mild sea waves. This paper also addresses development
of an OWC with a modified design with reference to the guidelines
stipulated by previous researchers. It is anticipated that the proposed
OWC model will have better energy extraction performance in the low wave
energy climates. |
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Title: |
Effect of vortex induced vibration on
fatigue damage of top-tensioned riser subjected to current load |
Author (s): |
Ke Xin Lai, Do Kyun Kim and Eileen Wee
Chin Wong |
Abstract: |
Over
the last decade, offshore deepwater developments in the oil and gas
industry have outrun the onshore and shallow water field developments.
Researches, designs, and developments have been focusing on the
deepwater environment in recent years. Safe and robust design of
structures and systems for offshore deepwater development is relatively
complicated due to the impact of high current and wave. Top tension
riser (TTR), which is capable to adapt to the superior motions of the
vessel, has been a reasonable and advisable option in deepwater field
for transporting hydrocarbon from seabed to the platform. Hence,
investigation on the effect of current on the fatigue performance of TTR
in associated with vortex-induced vibration (VIV) is relatively
important, considering VIV as one of the most important factors causing
fatigue damage in deepwater TTR. In this study, the effect of uniform
and sheared current on the VIV fatigue damage of TTR is studied. It is
observed that the VIV fatigue damage increases with increasing current
velocity. Besides, parameters such as water depth, riser diameter, and
riser wall thickness are varied to investigate the sensitivity of the
parameters in the VIV fatigue damage of TTR. The results indicated that
VIV fatigue damage increases as the wall thickness increases in the bare
riser; whereas the VIV fatigue damage for strake riser shows
inconsistencies. Further studies and continuous validation and
improvement shall be done to increase the accuracy and precision of this
study. |
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Title: |
Quasi static axial crushing of kenaf fibre
reinforced epoxy composite fabricated by VARTM method |
Author (s): |
Md. Radzai Said, Saijod T. W. Lau and Mohd.
Yuhazri Yaakobc |
Abstract: |
Fibre
reinforced plastic (FRP) composites have been increasing put into daily
life application such as in transportation and sport industries due to
its lightweight and good mechanical properties. However, less work has
been done on using natural fibre reinforced plastic composites as energy
absorbing device. Therefore in the current study, it is aimed to
investigate the potential application of kenaf fibre reinfoced epoxy (KFRE)
composite as energy absorber. In the study, two types of KFRE have been
used namely random orientated KFRE (R-KFRE) and unidirectional
orientated KFRE (U-KFRE). These composites have been fabricated into
square hollow section (SHS) by using vacuum assisted resin transfer
molding (VARTM). For the test, R-KFRE and U-KFRE were compared with neat
epoxy (NE) SHS by mean of quasi static axial crushing at speed of
2mm/min. From the test, U-KFRE exhibited the best result which has the
highest energy absorbed at 1453.77J. Moreover, it crushed progressively
compared to the other two which failed catastrophically. |
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Title: |
Investigation on the effect of drive train
system for Archimedes screw turbine |
Author (s): |
A. Nurul Suraya, J. Ummu Kulthum and N. M.
Muhammad Ammar |
Abstract: |
Nowadays, the Archimedes screw turbine has become one of alternative in
generating electricity. It is low in terms of cost and sourceful as the
Earth is covered more than 70% of water. The objective of this study is
to investigate the effect of the drive train system that may influence,
power generated from the Archimedes screw turbine. This paper focused on
studying the relationship between drive train system and rotational
speed. An experiment was conducted with two different types of drive
train system to compare the rotational speed of the turbine at the same
flow rate range from 0.012 m³/s to 0.016 m³/s (diameter of driver Pulley
A is 102mm and diameter of driver Pulley B is 150mm). By increasing the
diameter of the driver pulley up to 150mm, the maximum power generated
of 0.444 Watts at low rotational per minutes (RPM) of 70. In conclusion,
increase the diameter of driver pulley requires low RPM to produce
maximum power output. |
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Title: |
Effect of n-butanol addition on soot
formation of n-heptane in a micro flow reactor with a controlled
temperature profile |
Author (s): |
Mohd. Hafidzal Bin Mohd. Hanafi, Hisashi
Nakamura, Takuya Tezuka and Kaoru Maruta |
Abstract: |
The
effect of n-butanol addition on the sooting limit of n-heptane was
studied by using a micro flow reactor with a controlled temperature
profile. Pure n-heptane and n-butanol + n-heptane (10:90) were employed
in this study. The experiments were conducted for various equivalence
ratios, ? = 1.5 - 3.5. The inlet mean
velocity was U0 = 10 cm/s, maximum wall temperature was 1300 K under
atmospheric pressure condition. The results showed three types of flame
and soot responses: flame, flame with soot and only soot. In addition,
the experimental results showed that the presence of n-butanol extended
the sooting limit. Pure n-heptane showed soot starting to
form at ?= 1.6 whereas for 10% additional n-butanol, it started
at ?=1.9. As the equivalence ratio
increases, experimental results showed more soot moving to lower
temperatures. Computational results also showed Pyrene, A4 mole fraction
increased as the equivalence ratio increases. Furthermore, soot was
formed in a range of 1200 K to 1300 K. At higher equivalence ratios (3
and 3.5), experiments showed similar starting point of soot at lower
temperature for pure n-heptane and blended fuel with 10% mole percentage
addition of n-butanol. Computational A4 mole fraction wasslightly
decreased when 10% of n-butanol was introduced to the n-heptane. In
computational results, a large difference in A4 mole fraction was shown
between higher equivalence ratio (3.0 and 3.5) and lower equivalence
ratio (1.5 to 2.0). Further study on chemical reactions focusing on A4
reaction is necessary in order to accurately describe the tendency of
soot formation. |
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Title: |
The axial crushing of circular tube under
quasi-static loading |
Author (s): |
Minah Mohammed Fareed, Omar Abdulhasan
Lafta and Md. Radzai Said |
Abstract: |
This
paper presents the effect of round hole on the peak load and energy
absorption of circular tube structure. Circular tube made of mild steel
was used to observe modes of deformation and load-displacement
characteristics during experiment. Axial crushing tests were carried out
on the tubes under quasi-static loading condition. The load-displacement
characteristics of tested curves are presented. Experimental results of
round hole with 10mm diameter at the middle of samples showed 10.45%
decrease of peak load than without hole. Energy absorption
experimentally slightly decreased than without hole. It has been found
the diameter of round hole has a considerable effect of the collapsed
characteristics of tubes. Comparison of theoretical and experimental of
crushing behavior of circular tube under axial quasi- static loading is
presented. |
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Title: |
Application of water as pressure medium in
hydraulic hybrid system |
Author (s): |
Saiful Akmal Sabaruddin, Ahmad Anas Yusof,
Mohd. Noor Asril Saadun and Rozaimi Ghazali |
Abstract: |
Typical hydraulic hybrid system vehicles depend on oil based hydraulic
fluid. Therefore, natural concerns of environment and safety promote the
uses of water-based hydraulic hybrid system. The main focus of this
paper is to simulate the potential of water hydraulic technology in
hydraulic hybrid system vehicle. This research will include extensive
study on the mathematical modeling and simulation by using Matlab/Simulink
to determine the value of torque, power and efficiency of hydraulic
hybrid system and diesel engines. The simulation result indicates that
the resulted value of torque and efficiency verify the good combination
of water-based hydraulic hybrid system in assisting diesel engine.
Therefore, this novel water-based hydraulic hybrid system will reduce
the usage of diesel fuel that eventually create a new green technology. |
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Title: |
The experimental study of waste kinetic
energy recovery system (WKERS) |
Author (s): |
J. B. Goh, Z. Jamaludin, F. A. Jafar, N.
Ali Mokhtar and M. Mat Ali |
Abstract: |
This
project is intended to convert waste kinetic energy into electrical
energy from the source of wind energy discharged from a cooling tower.
The design of the blade of the vertical axis wind turbine (VAWT) is
inspired by the pectoral fin of the Humpback whale (Megaptera
novaeangliae) with its tubercles. After the process of flow simulation
of the whale-inspired blade with the geometry of aerofoil BACXXX-il, a
prototype is fabricated by 3D printing for further evaluation process.
The experiment is illustrated using a floor fan which produces an
average wind speed of 4.37 m/s, which is compatible with the wind speed
produced by a small size cooling tower. According to the pitch angle
setting from 0° to 90° for every interval of 5°, the best angle of
attack is selected based on the highest rotational speed of the wind
turbine produced by the wind, eventually coming to an end where the
highest output voltage generated by the generator is considered. |
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Title: |
Handgrip pressure study on Perodua car’s
steering wheel among male drivers |
Author (s): |
Mohd. Fa’iz W., Ahmad Aiman C. Z. and Seri
Rahayu K. |
Abstract: |
High
gripping pressure on steering wheel can cause discomfort to a driver
while driving a car for a long period of time. The purpose of this
project is to study the differences of handgrip pressure on steering
wheels for two types of Malaysian national cars while identifying
factors that can affect the handgrip pressure. The experiment was done
on a standard Perodua Myvi and Perodua Alza. A group of five male
drivers were gathered as respondents. They were required to drive on a
selected highway route in Malaysia for a specific time period. The force
measurement responses were taken and evaluated by using the Tekscan
tactile grip and pressure measurement (Grip System) device. The study
surprisingly founds that the average handgrip pressure for Perodua
Alza’s steering wheel is lower than the average handgrip pressure for
Perodua Myvi’s steering wheel. For both vehicles, most of the right hand
average pressure is higher than left hand average pressure. Three
factors that affect the results were the road surface condition, curvy
road, and the traffic environment. The results can be used as a
guideline for future studies, that primarily in solving the driving
fatigue problem among the Malaysian’s drivers. |
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Title: |
A dual-polarization reconfigurable antenna
with beam switching characteristics fors-band applications |
Author (s): |
M. Ajay Babu, B. T. P. Madhav, B. Mohan
Reddy, R. Divya Chaitanya, T. Satish and T. Anilkumar |
Abstract: |
A
simple polarization and beam switching reconfigurable antenna is
presented in this paper. The circular patch with annular slot is used as
the radiating element. The circular metallic conductor positioned below
the substrate with the air dielectric acts as the ground plane for the
antenna. The proposed antenna is intended to operate at 2.4 GHz band
with switch able polarization capability. Four PIN diodes have been
placed diagonally covers the corresponding switch ability and moreover
the proposed antenna provides the beam switching characteristics. The
proposed circularly polarized reconfigurable antenna is designed and
simulated in ANSYS Electronics Desktop HFSS package and studied several
parameters such as return loss, gain, axial ratio, current distributions
etc. |
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Title: |
Audio signals processing with digital
filters implementation using MyDSP |
Author (s): |
Ruthber Rodríguez Serrezuela, Adrián
Fernando Chávarro Chavarro, Miguel Ángel Tovar Cardozo, Adriana Gisela
Rey Caicedo and Carlos Arturo Cabrera |
Abstract: |
In
this document, a software application for Digital Signal Processing is
implemented with a MyDAQ device; in the designed application, audio
signals from MP3 Files are used as input data. A Labview based software
tool GUI is developed for this porpoise to visualize frequency spectrum
response. Two specific filters as the Finite Impulse Response (FIR) or (IIR)
Infinite Impulse Response were implemented and compared. The procedure
and simulation are designed in Matlab to understand the process carried
out by the Digital Signal Processor (MyDSP) from National Instruments as
a study case in educational activities. |
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