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ARPN Journal of Engineering and
Applied Sciences September 2021 | Vol. 16 No. 17 |
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Title: |
A systematic study of the variables that
control the synthesis of N-acyl L-lysine from hexadecanoic acid in a
stirred tank reactor |
Author (s): |
Zuhrina Masyithah, Muhammad Syukri, Bode
Haryanto and Armansyah Ginting |
Abstract: |
The
research carried out is related to developing the process of making
surfactants based on amino acids from renewable natural resources. At
this stage, the potential for hexadecanoic acid (HA) and L-lysine (L) to
be synthesized into a surfactant based on the amino acid N-acyl L-lysine
was observed in a stirred tank. For this reason, the research was
planned with a specific objective to examine the effect of the substrate
ratio, solvent ratio, and catalyst concentration on amide recovery using
the Box-Behnken Design. Furthermore, analysis of the interaction effect
of the research variables is carried out, compiling an optimization
equation model and assessing the optimum reaction conditions to obtain
the maximum conversion response. The product purification process is
carried out by adding 5 ml of 10% citric acid and then filtration with
filter paper then heated at 90 °C to evaporate the remaining solvent.
The optimum conversion percentage obtained is 78.084%, which can be
generated through six composition options with the same desirability
value, 0.851. Among the six options, the substrate ratio of 2.956
(L/HA), the solvent ratio of 2.0 (MS/S), and catalyst concentration of
5% (w/wHA) were selected as the best process variable values at a
reaction temperature of 65 °C and reaction time 2 h. |
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Title: |
Effect of molarity and alkali activator
ratio on GGBS based geopolymer concrete |
Author (s): |
Y. Himath Kumar and V. Ranga Rao |
Abstract: |
The
sustainable manufacture of geopolymer concrete, which has a lower carbon
footprint compared with traditional concrete, reflects an
environmentally friendly concrete. In addition to the physical
properties this article presents the analysis of the mechanical
properties for geopolymer concrete. Parameters such as varied sodium
hydroxide molarity from 8 M to 16 M, Alkali Activator Ratio (AAR) from
1:1.5, 1:2 and 1:2.5. The current experimental evaluation examines the
effectiveness of GGBS (Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag) in
improving mechanical properties. |
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Title: |
Effect of surface roughness on oil-water
separation for oil skimmer |
Author (s): |
Mohamed Saiful Firdaus Hussin, Azrul
Abidin Zakaria, Ridhwan Jumaidin, Mastura Mohammad Taha, Muhd Ridzuan
Mansor, Amir Abdullah Muhamad Damanhuri, Mohd. Fariduddin Mukhtar,
Mohammad Khalid Wahid and Mohd. Nazri Ahmad |
Abstract: |
Uncontrolled production of fat, oil, & grease (FOG) in wastewater
continues to increase each year as the number of restaurants increases.
As wastes disposed directly into the drainage system, FOG may build up
around the plumbing system of the wastewater system facility. Efficient
development of the grease trap will reduce the impact of the problem and
prevent the FOG contaminant in the sewage system. This research aimed to
investigate the effect of surface roughness on oil skimming efficiency
for the grease trap. Materials for oil skimmer were selected and
characterized using water contact angle analysis, Image software,
scanning electron microscope (SEM), and profilometer. Materials were
roughened by using 150 grid abrasive paper. It was found that roughness
strongly influenced the wettability of the selected materials due to the
air trap and its geometrical structure. The results revealed that
acrylic skimmer is the most efficient compared to aluminium, paraffin,
and polystyrene. |
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Title: |
Modelling and simulation of wind farm
integrated multi-machine system using hybrid PID plus fuzzy controlled
STATCOM |
Author (s): |
Varun Kumar, Ajay Shekhar Pandey and S. K.
Sinha |
Abstract: |
Power
system stability is an essential requirement for secure and reliable
operation of power system. This article shows a comparative performance
of stabilizing a Doubly Fed Induction Generators (DFIG) depend wind farm
connected multi machine system using a PID and Hybrid PID plus Fuzzy
controlled Static Synchronous Compensator (STATCOM) during fault
conditions. The suggested control strategy will also efficiently control
the voltage variance and generator speed of the test device. Methods
focus on Eigen values and a time-domain scheme To examine the
feasibility of the proposed control method a framework was designed that
was subjected to a three-phase fault. From findings it can be concluded
that results of PID plus fuzzy based STATCOM damping controller provide
effective stabilization to the test system under fault conditions. |
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Title: |
Formation of filtration barriers in
horizontal wells in the granulated reservoirs on the example of Aryskum
field |
Author (s): |
Nurzhan Suleymenov, Zhangyl Abilbek, Aigul
Erzhanova, Nurlybek Akhmetov and Panabek Tanzharikov |
Abstract: |
Through the example of wells with granulated reservoirs at the Arsykum
field (the Republic of Kazakhstan), it is shown that the degree of
influence of filtration barriers preventing inflow into the hole
increases with the increase of the length of a horizontal section.
Careful consideration of the content and size of particles to benefit
the acid solubility of additives in drilling fluids ensures mud
filtration while drilling through the reservoir and effective mud
removal during stimulation. |
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Title: |
Analysis of the strength and efficiency of
concrete made with domestic wastewater from WTP Salitre - Bogotá D.C. |
Author (s): |
Edison Amaya Silva, Diana Gizeth Amaya
Daza and Saieth Baudilio Chaves Pabón |
Abstract: |
The
research project analyzes the results of the Compression Strength of
concrete specimens designed for 21 MPa and 28 MPa using the A. C. I.
(American Concrete Institute) method, the aggregates fulfill the
requirements of the CTN -174 (Colombian Technical Standard), Type HER
Cement- (High Early Resistance), due to the CTN 121 was used, the mixing
water comes from the Wastewater Treatment Plant (WTP) Salitre and
drinking water from the Aqueduct of Bogota. Six different dosages of
mixing water were carried out for each of the established designs;
starting with 100% treated wastewater and reaching up to 75% treated
wastewater with 25% potable water, the samples were identified and
labeled respectively. For each of the six dosages, nine specimens were
prepared and were tested at seven, fourteen and twenty-eight days,
respectively. The results were compared to the standard specimen
identified for each design; however, there are differences in the
strength results between the standard specimen and the dosages; these
are less significant as the percentage of potable water increases. |
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Title: |
Feasibility test of fishing variables on
increasing fishermen's income in Tomini Bay, Gorontalo province |
Author (s): |
Lis M. Yapanto, Nuddin Harahab, Sudarto
and Abdul Hafidz Olii |
Abstract: |
This
study aims to assess the household diversification of coastal fishing on
coastal communities' welfare in the District of Kabila Bone, since
August 2019-November 2019, 184 respondents, with a survey method. The
data collected are primary and secondary data was done by using
observation, interview techniques, documentation techniques. The lives
and livelihoods of coastal fishing communities are very vulnerable to
climate change and the environment. Diversification of fishermen's
income sources outside of fisheries can be an effective way to overcome
environmental change's adverse effects. This study aims to analyze the
effect of business diversification on welfare, environmental
sustainability, and welfare on environmental sustainability. The data
collected are primary and secondary data, which is done using
observation, interview, and documentation techniques. The independent
variable is selected according to considerations based on the empirical
conditions of the coastal area, the researcher's ability and the
availability of supporting theories and the characteristics of the
research area. The independent or exogenous variables chosen are fishery
business (X1), livestock business. Based on the model developed from the
relevant theory, the endogenous variables are welfare (Y1) and
environmental sustainability (Y2); the model is tested using the PLS-based
Structure Equation Model (SEM). The researcher's
ability and the availability of supporting theories, and the
characteristics of the research area. The independent or exogenous
variables chosen are fishery business (X1), livestock business. Based on
the model developed from the relevant theory, the endogenous variables
are welfare (Y1) and environmental sustainability (Y2); the model is
tested using the PLS-based Structure Equation Model (SEM). The
researcher's ability and the availability of supporting theories, and
the characteristics of the research area. The independent or exogenous
variables chosen are fishery business (X1), livestock business. Based on
the model developed from the relevant theory, the endogenous variables
are welfare (Y1) and environmental sustainability (Y2); the model is
tested using the PLS-based Structure Equation Model (SEM). The
model developed from the relevant theory, then tested on a model using
the Structural Equation Model (SEM) based on SMART PLUS. The results of
the analysis of effort diversification models suggest that the
utilization of environmental services does not affect coastal
communities' welfare. |
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Title: |
Technological solutions for rock breaking
with ejection of abrasive particles into a pressure water jet of a
hydraulic monitor |
Author (s): |
Natalia A. Shkaruba, Victor E. Kislyakov,
Alexandr I. Kosolapov, Aleksandr K. Kirsanov, Natalia V. Nikolaeva,
Pavel V. Katyshev and Umarjon R. Teshaev |
Abstract: |
The
Siberian Federal District of the Russian Federation has a significant
number of placer gold deposits. Many of them are developed by hydraulic
mining. Significant clay content in host rocks complicates the process
of breaking them, which ultimately leads to an increase in the cost of
work. Based on the authors’ earlier research, technological solutions
for rock jetting with ejection of abrasive particles having density of
1.7 t/m3 are proposed to apply for overburden and mining operations in
placers. The presence of solid particles in a jet makes it abrasive, and
then it is possible to break the hard-to-wash clay mass with much
greater efficiency, thus increasing rock jetting performance. |
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Title: |
An improved SIR model for COVID-19
epidemic in Malaysia |
Author (s): |
Lim Eng Aik, Tan Wee Choon and Tan Wei
Hong |
Abstract: |
This
research study demonstrates a numerical model intended for comprehension
the COVID-19 spread of the year 2020 by utilizing the improved SIR
model. The paper focuses on deceased rates rather than confirmed cases.
A model derived from the standard SIR epidemiological model including
asymptomatic and hospitalized, is presented, but includes symptomatic
and critical states as well, for better simulate real disease dynamics.
A three-dimensional nonlinear differential equation is formulated and
solved numerically utilizing the Runge-Kutta’s method in MS excel. It
appears from the research study that, by looking at the impact of
varying people contact rates in populations shown that reducing contact
rates by 50%, COVID-19 should be controllable to levels like the
seasonal flu. It is additionally indicated numerically that the pandemic
can be reduced to a less dangerous level when there are less infected
people in contact in the populace. |
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Title: |
Numerical study for the stochastic
equation of point kinetics with sinusoidal reactivity using Milstein
schemes |
Author (s): |
Daniel Suescún-Díaz, Daniel E.
Cedeño-Girón and Freddy Humberto Escobar |
Abstract: |
In this
paper, the equation of stochastic point kinetics with sinusoidal
reactivity is solved numerically by means of the explicit and implicit
Milstein schemes. Three cases are presented in which the number of
Brownian movements and time steps to calculate the density of the
neutron population are varied. The results of the different numerical
experiments obtained with the implemented schemes have the same form of
those published in the literature. In addition, when compared to the
deterministic model of point kinetics, a good approximation for neutron
density is observed. |
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Title: |
Erlang B traffic table modeled as an
artificial neuronal network in an application for Smartphone |
Author (s): |
Johan Julián Molina Mosquera, José de
Jesús Salgado Patrón and Faiber Robayo Betancourt |
Abstract: |
This
paper presents the methodology to implement the non-linear function of
Erlang B as a multilayer ANN (Artificial Neural Network). The number of
channels and the traffic intensity of the system are used as input
parameters, and the blocking probability or degree of service is used as
output data. The proposed model allows the development of the view
controller model of the native Android application, in which another
variable is entered corresponding to the intensity of traffic per user.
The Android app showed results with an error of 0.06%, storing the data
to visualize them graphically, thus allowing to simulate and analyze the
traffic of fixed telephony and mobile telephony systems. |
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Title: |
Implementation of the k-medoids method in
the old school expectations in Indonesia by utilizing educational data
mining |
Author (s): |
Cecep Kustandi, Gita Widi Bhawika, Eri
Susanto, Vina N. Van Harling and Anita Dewi Ekawati |
Abstract: |
The
purpose of this study is to analyze whether the combination of data
mining methods with clustering and classification techniques can be
applied to the case of mapping the average number of years of schooling
in Indonesia. The data source used in the study is secondary data
obtained from the Central Statistics Agency (abbreviated BPS-RI) on the
average length of school by province consisting of 34 records
(2015-2019). The method used is a combination of k-medoids (clustering)
and C4.5 (classification) methods where k-medoids are used to map
clusters. The results of the cluster will be processed with C4.5 to see
the value of the cluster in the form of a decision tree. The labels used
in mapping clustering are high cluster for the average length of school
(C1) and low cluster for the average length of school (C2) area. The
average length of schooling is one indicator for the dimension of
knowledge. The three dimensions are 1) Longevity and healthy living, 2)
Knowledge and 3) Decent standard of living. These three dimensions are
ways in which the population can access the results of development in
obtaining income, health, education, and so on, which is called the
Human Development Index. The results of cluster mapping mentioned that
there were 9 provinces in the low cluster (26%). The low cluster is Kep.
Bangka Belitung, Central Java, East Java, West Nusa Tenggara, East Nusa
Tenggara, West Kalimantan, Gorontalo, West Sulawesi and Papua. Based on
the decision tree value using the C4.5 method that the low cluster has
values <8,763 and> 7,730. This means that for these low clusters the
average length of schooling is to junior high school. |
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Title: |
Performance of an improvised Solar-Hybrid
electric stove |
Author (s): |
Romel B. Cristobal |
Abstract: |
Fuel
used in cooking is becoming expensive because of the rapidly growing
demands for cooking fuel and there is a scarcity of sources of fuel used
in cooking. There is an evident imbalance concerning the supply and
demand for fuels used in cooking. The improvised solar electric stove
was developed and tested to come up with an alternative cooking device.
The study aimed to develop an improvised stove utilizing cheaper,
locally available materials and solar energy as its source of power. It
also aimed to test and compare the performance of the stove to other
cooking devices. The study adapted the minimum viable products (MVP)
model. The development of the stove involved construction, performance
testing, comparison of time of cooking or boiling, current rating, and
power consumption. Results revealed that the improvised solar electric
stove has lower power consumption compared to the commercial electric
stove and has comparable performance to other electric cooking devices
in terms of the time of cooking, current rating, and power consumption.
It was concluded that the developed improvised stove has comparable
performance it is technically feasible to develop utilizing locally
available materials and solar energy as its source of power. |
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Title: |
In-Home power line frequency domain noise
measurement and analysis for broadband communication |
Author (s): |
Ogunlade M. Adegoke, Ilesanmi B. Oluwafemi
and Olaitan Akinsanmi |
Abstract: |
In this
paper, frequency domain noise measurement and analysis is presented for
in-home power line broadband communication. A design measurement system
was set up that captured the noise in frequency domain for broadband
indoor power line communication. Noise samples were captured with
spectrum analyzer in the frequency band from 3 to 30MHz considered to be
range of frequencies for in-home power line broadband communications
system. The measurement were conducted in residential buildings at Afe
Babalola University Nigeria, within months; April, May and early June,
2020. From the measured data, the parameters of the noise measurements
in terms of its noise amplitude, noise power level, and power spectral
density were examined. Our study confirms and mirror those of the
previous findings and contributes additional evidence that suggest
considerably that more work will need to be done to mitigate the effects
of noise in an indoor PLC environment. |
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