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ARPN Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences                     September 2021  |  Vol. 16  No. 18
   
Title: Assessment of current generated in a photo-electrochemical cell using N-TiO2/Cu2O electrodes and stainless steel as working electrode
Author (s): Álvaro Realpe, Breanda Chamorro and María T. Acevedo
Abstract:

N-doped TiO2 and Cu2O nanoparticles were synthesized through a chemical reduction of the titanium (IV) isopropoxide and copper (II) sulfate 5-hydrate, respectively. TiO2 nanoparticles were doped with N at different concentrations (10, 20 and 30% wt.) to modify its optical properties. The photoactivity of the elaborated photoelectrode was analyzed by means of photocurrent generation and UV-Vis spectroscopy. The bandgap energy of the N-doped TiO2photoelectrode decreased with increasing N concentration and the Cu2O photoelectrode has the energy value of the lowest bandgap, 2.1 eV. Furthermore, Cu2O photoelectrode generates higher photocurrent than N-doped TiO2 electrodes.

   

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Title: Characterization of bentonite in Karaçeva deposit
Author (s): Mehush Aliu, Milaim Sadiku, Mensur Kelmendi and Sadija Kadriu
Abstract:

The objective of this paper is to research the reserves, lithological and chemical composition, percentage of montmorillonite and ion exchange capacity of bentonite in the Karaçeva deposit. Based on the calculations results of the geological reserves of the Karaçeva bentonite for different surface and thickness of the blocks, the total volume of bentonite reserves at the Karaçeva deposit is 832595.26 m3. The chemical composition values of bentonite components vary for different composites. Based on the obtained results, Karaçeva bentonite is characterized by high SiO2 content. The percentage of montmorillonite for different drilling depths ranges from (47.3-75) %. The value of ion-exchange capacity for different drilling depths ranges from (46 mmol M/100g) to (95 mmol M/100g).

   

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Title: A robust CT scan application for prior stage liver disorder prediction with GoogleNet deeplearning technique
Author (s): Venkateswarlu Gavini, G. R. Jothi Lakshmi and Md Zia Ur Rahman
Abstract:

Recent technologies mainly concentrate on medical applications based on image processing tools. The medical image processing has recognized the different diseases with fast diagnoses, such as lung, heart, brain tumour and liver. The earlier stage of disease diagnosis helps to identify appropriate disease treatment. In this investigation, CT scan based liver disease or disorders have been predicted and classified based on the GoogleNet CNN (Convolutional nueral networks) deep learning algorithm. At the initial stage, the local threshold (LT) segmentation model and at the classification stage Improved GoogleNet CNN deep learning model applied on selected real CT liver images. This work mainly focuses on liver disorders prediction and disease identification using CT liver medical images. The proposed LT-GoogleNet CNN deep learning model diagnosis the liver diseases with real and accurate manner. Here we used the two different algorithms to identify the black and white pixels on the given data set CT images to remove noise on the practical image to get proper and good accurate results. The performance measures such as precession, accuracy, PSNR, CC and time of diagnosis has been improved. At final implemented LT-GoogleNet CNN deep learning model compared with existed methods, conclude that this mechanism is efficient. After doing the practical values we got using the mentioned proposed method Google Net CNN prediction probability is good accuracy as 98 and precession 98.6, Recall 98.3, F1 score 98.4, PSNR 59.8, CC 99.83predection of liver disease is verified using the different database ANDI-1 and ANDI-2.

   

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Title: Soret and Dufour effects on MHD transient flow over an exponentially accelerated plate with ramped temperature
Author (s): S. Jayaprasad, Siva Reddy Sheri, D. Mahendar and Anjan Kumar Suram
Abstract:

This article deals with the effects of Soret and Dufour on MHD transient flow over an exponentially accelerated plate with ramped temperature. The dimensional flow governing equations associated with boundary conditions are converted to non-dimensional form. These converted equations are solved for numerical solutions by using Finite element technique. To understand the influence of individual emerging flow pertinent parameters, obtained results are depicted and illustrated in depth with the aid of graphs. Tabulated representation is used to exemplify the variations in skin frictions, Nusselt number and Sherwood number against different parameters. In a special case acquired computational results are compared with the existing literature and a satisfactory coordination is achieved.

   

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Title: Undoped and manganese doped iron oxide nanoparticles for environmental applications
Author (s): Erwin Amiruddin, Heri Hadianto, Martha Riana, Salomo Sinuraya, Mohammad Deri Noverdi and Ainun Syarifatul Fitri
Abstract:

Iron oxide nanoparticles of undoped and manganese doped were prepared from natural sand of Logas District Kuansing Regency Riau Province using ball milling method. Structural and morphological properties of these undoped and manganese doped iron oxide nanoparticles in the range of 0%-20%. were studied. Crystalline size, interplanar spacing and surface morphologies of the samples were estimated and the results are discussed. The X-Ray Diffractometer (XRD) analysis reveals that diffraction peaks shift to slightly smaller angles as compared with undoped samples due to bigger atomic radii of manganese (161 pm) as compared to that of iron (156 pm). The average crystalline size of the manganese doped iron oxide nanoparticles increases with increasing manganese content up to 10%. Further increase in manganese content to 15% reduces the average grain size, which might be because of the presence of more manganese atoms at the grain boundaries. Moreover, peaks corresponding to manganese oxide or metal manganese could not be observed in the diffraction patterns. Some other diffraction peaks from other crystalline forms such as silicon (Si) and titanium (Ti) were observed. Morphology of undoped and doped manganese iron oxide nanoparticles is irregular, agglomerated and non-homogenous distribution visualized through scanning electron microscopy (SEM).

   

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Title: Composite catalysts based on fly ash of thermal power plants and natural zeolite for purification of gas emissions and catalytic cracking of fuel oil
Author (s): T. V. Shakiyeva, L. R. Sassykova, A. A. Khamlenko, B. T. Dossumova, A. R. Sassykova, A. A. Batyrbayeva, Zh. M. Zhaxibayeva, M. A. Kozhaisakova, R. N. Azhigulova and S. Sendilvelan
Abstract:

In this research the hollow microspheres based on fly ash from the Ekibastuz coal deposit (Kazakhstan), produced as a result of the operation of TPP-2 (Almaty, Kazakhstan) were used for investigation of two processes. The composite on the base of cenisheres was applied in the technology of SO2 oxidation with oxygen in aqueous solution at T=40-60°C. Conditions of selective oxidation of SO2 (100%) to obtain sulfuric acid as a product were optimized. Specific surface of the catalyst calculated according to full isotherms of low-temperature adsorption of nitrogen by BET method makes 12.6 m2/g. Integral volume of pores makes 0.57 ml/g. The results showed that the degree of SO2 removal was up to 94.9%. The catalysts based on fly ash cenospheres with addition of natural zeolite from Tayzhuzgen field (Kazakhstan) were also tested in the process of catalytic cracking of fuel oil (with preliminary electromagnetic excitation of hydrocarbon molecules) to obtain light carbon fractions. On the optimal catalyst in the products of oxidative cracking of fuel oil, the fraction of light gas oil is the main part. Determination of the individual composition of the hydrocarbons included in this fraction showed that the formation of C7-C12 hydrocarbons happened exclusively due to the symmetric decomposition of C14-C24 paraffins, since the products of this reaction are the corresponding a-olefins and n-alkanes.

   

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Title: Energy saving in resonant wireless charger using self-oscillating resonant inverter with P&O algorithm
Author (s): Ramón Álvarez-López, José López-Prado and José Araque-Gallardo
Abstract:

The wireless charging of electronic devices, such as electric vehicles, is an alternative that promises comfort and convenience to the user. The resonant converters are an important alternative for the implementation of power conditioning circuits with an excellent density/power ratio, this backed by high efficiency and the possibility of switching the transistors to low currents and voltages. A limitation of the wireless charging systems of a resonant nature is the dependence between the parameters of the resonant filter and the power delivered to the load. In this work, a control alternative for a resonant DC-DC converter is presented. The simulation results validate the proposed hypothesis, in which the possibility of obtaining a DC-DC resonant converter operating at the maximum power predicted by the tank before variations in its parameters is manifested.

   

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Title: Development and implementation of technical and economic model of the potential of operation schedules of coal mines
Author (s): Andrii Khorolskyi, Oleksandr Mamaikin, Volodymyr Medianyk, Victor Lapko and Viktorii Sushko
Abstract:

Purpose is to determine parameters concerning development of the perspective time program to extract reserves providing complete predictability of the progress of mining operations within the sequent areas of a mine field. The conditions are those under which any mine can provide rather stable mining of the intended coal volumes; labour productivity increases within the prescribed limits as a result of its production and economic activities the mine raises the amount of money required to provide resource potential. Methods. Algorithm, relying upon economic and mathematical model to determine values of basic parameters within the coordinate system of technical and economic potential of a mine, is the basis to form such an algorithm for the determination of a potential of operation schedule of a mine as well as strategic parameters of its implementation. The priority obviousness of the basic parameters, identifying a level of operation schedule, depends upon their closeness to the factors being arguments of lower orders. That is why optimization process involved the development of a system of additional restrictions reflecting interconnections between factors of the first order and lower orders. Findings. Analysis of functional relationships and correlation relationships between variables in the context of corresponding equations has helped determine new analytical dependences which, together with the available functional dependences between production characteristics of a mine, make it possible to develop a model to determine values of basic parameters of operation schedule of a mine. In this context, the obtained model is completed with additional restrictions, certain meanings of each variables and the problem solving is limited by Pareto set for the selected variables. Scientific novelty. As for the mines, which standing is characterized by the optimization indices, priority of effect on strategic parameters of their production activities, should be as follows: first, effect on the parameters which actual values excess their critical value, determined in terms of zero value of economic added value under formation, corresponds to relative deviation of the parameter actual value from its critical value (maximum to minimum); second, effect on the parameters, which values do not excess their critical values but differ from their optimum ones, determined for the reference economic potential, should be performed in accordance with a coefficient of the parameter elasticity as for such integral index as “economic added value” (greater to lesser). Practical relevance. Implementation of the model, intended to determine technical and economic potential of mines with the development of Pareto sets, has made it possible to obtain both minimum and maximum values of longwall advance for a group of anthracite mines in Shakhtarsk and Dolzhansk-Rovenky regions to be analyzed. Selection of a reference level of technical and economic potential of a mine, which is less than zero, makes it possible to make a decision concerning closing of certain mines based upon economic expediency, i.e. added value creation. Owing to the abovementioned, two groups of Ukrainian anthracite mines have been identified which are determined as profitable or unprofitable relying upon objective indices. That also helped specify a status of “depressive territories” where underdevelopment in social and economic sphere takes place.

   

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Title: Geometric planning of Toll Roads on Ringroad road development
Author (s): Syaiful Syaiful and Fery Syahrulloh
Abstract:

Geometric planning of Toll Roads for Section IIIA Bogor Ring Road. Bogor City and Bogor District are part of the Jakarta, Depok, Tangerang and Bekasi regions which have become a buffer for the Indonesian capital city, Jakarta. This resulted in very rapid regional growth. Bogor City and Bogor District are functioned as development areas that will be able to accommodate various types of activities such as housing, industry, agriculture, tourism and others. The problem of traffic in the city of Bogor, especially at this time is the traffic congestion at several nodes prone to traffic jams caused by delays in traffic flow. One alternative that is expected to provide a solution is to build the Bogor Ring Road Toll Road. The construction of the Bogor Ring Road Toll Road is divided into 3 sections; section I of segment Sentul Selatan-Kedung Halang, section II is divided into IIA; section IIA of segment Kedung Halang-Kedung Badak, section IIB of segment Kedung Badak-Simpang Yasmin segment are already in operation and section IIIA of the segment Yasmin Simpang-Salabenda intersection segment are in the planning stage. In the geometric planning of toll roads, horizontal alignment is calculated so that the horizontal alignment curve type is obtained and the horizontal alignment arch length is in accordance with the road geomertic standard. From the calculation results obtained 4 types of horizontal alignment arches and the length of horizontal alignment arches; the first horizontal alignment arc-circle-spiral length 707,831m, the second full-circle horizontal alignment arc length 264,913m, third the horizontal full-circle alignment arc length 311.01m, the fourth horizontal-arc-circle-spiral alignment arc length 464,985m.

   

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Title: Determination of functional dependences of technological modes and parameters in induction surface
Author (s): Masanskii O. A., Tokmin A. M., Pochekutov S. I., Kazakov V. S., Larionova N. V., Lytkina S. I., Khudonogov S. A., Stankeev V. V. and Marchenkova S. G.
Abstract:

One of the practical ways to increase the wear resistance of products operating under various wear conditions: shock, shock-abrasive and abrasive - is the surfacing of the working parts that are most susceptible to this effect. The use of induction surfacing with the use of modern transistor generators makes it possible to form a given set of properties of the resulting composite material, which allows to significantly increase the resource of the product and, as a result, to increase the technical and economic indicators. High-energy impact makes it possible to control the rates of heating and cooling, which leads to the creation of maximum non-equilibrium structures, which, under certain conditions, can provide the required complex of physical, mechanical and operational properties. The control of the structure formation of materials of a given composition, under conditions far from thermodynamic equilibrium, makes it possible to provide the required durability of the working zone of the product, taking into account the nature of wear. The purpose of this work is to establish functional dependencies of technological modes and parameters for induction surfacing. In the course of the experimental studies, data were obtained characterizing the relationship between the following parameters - the deposition rate, the deposited layer thickness, the magnitude of the increase in wear resistance and the hardness of the material. The obtained functional dependencies between these parameters made it possible to determine the required deposition rate and the thickness of the deposited layer ensuring the formation of a given set of physical and mechanical properties of the composite material, taking into account the nature, which is of high practical importance.

   

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Title: Development of algorithm to simulate effect of moving loads to pontoon bridge
Author (s): Tram Bui Van, Hoang Nguyen Huy and Cuong Le Van
Abstract:

The paper presents a approach and development of an algorithm to simulate the impact of moving loads move through pontoon bridge. The dynamic model of ribbon pontoon bridge is built by finite element method, the bridge is impacted of external force including: hydrodynamic force of water current is considered as unevenly distributed force along the bridge and the vehicles cross over the bridge. These vehicles are considered as masses of moving load which move on the space frame elements, therefore weight of them is considered as external forces change position over time and cause oscillation with for the bridge. Building an algorithm for to determine the position and value of the force acting on the elements is an important issue when to research the effect of weight, speed, deviation of vehicle to the working of pontoon bridge.

   

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Title: The implementation of the AgroRed component in Bogota: A perception of rural implications
Author (s): Jaime Ussa-Garzón, Omar Patiño and Wilson Gordillo
Abstract:

This research aims to resolve the doubts raised by the identification of the perception of the actors of the rural area of the locality of Usme in Bogotá, who have historically lived in this territory before the adoption of the AgroRed component and its involvement as an agent of change that contributes to rural development in the locality, based on the analysis of the strategies so far developed by the food security policy and the master plan for food supply and food security, supported by the theory of sustainable development with a descriptive methodological approach of interrelation of primary and secondary sources focused on the case study with information triangulation techniques to structure a plan of recommendations that includes the actions to be deployed to achieve a strategy to strengthen rural development in the locality.

   

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Title: Analysis of the overturning of heavy vehicles in the “the Adioses” curve of the highway Pamplona-Cúcuta
Author (s): Gonzalo Guillermo Moreno Contreras, Albert Miyer Suarez, Cesar Peña, Faustino Moreno Gamboa and William Aperador Chaparro
Abstract:

Over time, it has been observed that accidents due to vehicle overturning in the “The Adioses” curve of the Pamplona - Cúcuta road are a fairly frequent problem due to several factors such as: high speeds, absence of traffic signs, driver maneuvers, among others. This is why this section of the road has been classified as a critical accident point. The vehicles that are most affected are heavy vehicles (truck tractors), which due to their large size have a high gravity center, which hinders their stability compared to other vehicles. Another important aspect that it is taken into account is the characteristics of the road that can modify the load distribution in the vehicle. All these aspects are evaluated through a case study which allows calculating the stability factor for a particular heavy vehicle and calculating the safe traffic speed for this vehicle in the specified sector.

   

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Title: Intelligent system for the recognition of facial emotions: A tool for people with autism spectrum disorder
Author (s): Ferley Medina Rojas, Juan A. Castro Silva and Faiber Robayo Betancourt
Abstract:

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neuropsychological disorder that begins at an early age in people and prevails throughout life. It affects the ability to communicate and interact with other people; they do not interpret facial emotions (Scared, Disgusted, Happy, Sad, Angry, Surprised, Contempt, and Neutral) like other people, resulting in isolation. Emotions help communicate to understand what other people feel. This paper presents a model for the recognition of emotions through facial expressions. It makes use of convolutional neural networks based on the VGG-Face architecture, trained to recognize faces and predict 8 emotions. The dataset used contains 13,000 images of people around the world. The precision obtained from the model was 84%, a value that will help people with ASD to recognize emotions so that they can interact in society.

   

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Title: Low-cost temperature control system for classroom
Author (s): Julián Guillermo Ortiz-Trujillo, Christian Mateo Guevara-Puentes and Diego F. Sendoya-Losada
Abstract:

This document presents the design and implementation of a low-cost and easy-to-handle temperature control system. The system allows to manipulate the power and luminosity of an incandescent lamp and in this way control the temperature, by varying the firing angle of a TRIAC. Both the user interface and PI control are implemented with the Arduino UNO board. This document is intended to serve as a guide for the application of power systems, without having extensive knowledge in the control area.

   

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Title: Durability analysis of concrete with partial cement replacement with flyash and MWCNT incorporation
Author (s): B. Ashwini and B. Vidivelli
Abstract:

The concrete incorporated with Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotube (MWCNT) with partial cement replacement with flyash was researched for its durability properties. In this research the concrete was cement replaced with flyash at 20%. The incorporation of the MWCNT were done at 0.025%, 0.05% and 0.075% of the weight of the cement. The incorporation of MWCNT was done with the proper dispersion process and the Poly Carboxylic Ether was used as the dispersant.. The durability properties of the concrete were analysed by conducting the acid resistance, chloride resistance and sulphate resistance tests. It was observed a significant improvement in the durability properties of the concrete after the partial replacement of cement with flyash and the incorporation of MWCNTs. The six numbers concrete cubes of size 150 mm x 150 mm x 150 mm were casted for each mix for each tests.

   

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