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ARPN Journal of Engineering and
Applied Sciences October 2018 | Vol. 13 No. 19 |
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Title: |
Achieving a theoretical approximation
characterize the stopping power of heavy ion in D-T plasma |
Author (s): |
Malik Abdullah Atheeb and Raad Hameed
Majeed |
Abstract: |
The
dependence of the energy losses or the stopping power for the ion
contribution in D- T hot plasma fuels upon the corresponding energies
and the related penetrating factor are arrive by using by a theoretical
approximation models. In this work we reach a compatible agreement
between our results and the corresponding experimental results. |
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Title: |
The mechanics, conceptualization and
design of an ergonomic clockwise directional screwdriver |
Author (s): |
Poh Kiat Ng, Kian Siong Jee and Bing Sheng
Choong |
Abstract: |
Studies concluded that clockwise torque directions secure and improve
grip force compared to counter-clockwise torque directions. However, it
appears that there is no study on the design and development of an
ergonomic screwdriver to address the difficulty of manually unfastening
screws. In this study, a screwdriver concept was developed with
clockwise directional input and ergonomic features. Previous studies
found that the ergonomic design recommendations involved in designing
the handles of hand tools were diameter, shape and material. The
planetary gear system was proposed in the design concept as a solution
to change the screwdriver input direction inwards for unfastening tasks.
Ergonomics design factors such as handle diameter, shape and surface
material were also taken into consideration for a more secure grip. With
lower force requirements and ergonomic features, this screwdriver can
potentially benefit manual workers towards decreasing risks of
sustaining CTDs and accidents, and eventually improve efficiency in
precision tasks. |
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Title: |
Synthesis and characterization of nano
gamma Aluminium oxide from Iraqi Bauxite using extraction method |
Author (s): |
Hamid S. Meteab, Hadi A. Karem and Watheq
K. Salih |
Abstract: |
Aluminium oxide (Al2O3) considers one of the important ceramic oxides in
present time because of its characteristic properties which are suitable
for different industrial applications. The recent developments in nano
technology encouraged the scientists to prepare nano alumina using
different methods. The present work deals with preparing nano gamma
Aluminium oxide (Al2O3) from Iraqi Bauxite ore using extraction method.
The ore was leached with an acidic solution and the Aluminum was
extraction in the form of aluminum chloride. After extraction, the
Aluminium chloride was treated with ammonia solution to obtained
aluminum hydroxide which was calcined and milled to get on nano alumina
powder (Gamma phase). The resultant powder was characterized by X-Ray
diffraction, BET, AFM and FTIR techniques. The work results were
clarified the possibility of producing nano gamma alumina with high
surface area using this method. |
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Title: |
Experimental study on microwave-vacuum
drying of alfalfa |
Author (s): |
Yuriy A. Ivanov, Viktor Pakhomov, Sergey
Braginets, Oleg Bakhchevnikov and Artem Rukhlyada |
Abstract: |
The
experimental study on microwave-vacuum drying of green alfalfa in the
drying apparatus of the continuous operation were a research objective.
Carotene retention in microwave-vacuum drying process was the main
object of this research. Carotene retention during the period of storage
of the dried alfalfa was investigated. It is set that microwave-vacuum
drying ensures good carotene retention in the drying process of green
alfalfa and during storage of the dried alfalfa. Low level of carotene
destruction in microwave-vacuum drying process is interpreted by the
fact that use of vacuum allows to realize drying at lower temperature.
Low level of carotene destruction during storage of the dried alfalfa
hypothetically is interpreted by the isomerization of carotene reducing
its oxidation. The method of microwave-vacuum drying is perspective for
the organization of industrial drying of forage and officinal herbs. |
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Title: |
Effect of temperature in purification
process on the properties of natural ester insulating oils |
Author (s): |
Nur Lidiya Muhd. Ridzuan, Norazhar Abu
Bakar, Sharin Ab Ghani, Imran Sutan Chairul and Nur Hakimah Ab Aziz |
Abstract: |
The
life span of a transformer usually depends on its insulation condition.
In principle, materials used in transformer are subjected to ageing
process during the operation that might lead to insulation failure. The
interaction between transformer insulation with temperature, moisture
and oxygen might commonly lead to the formation of gases, acid, sludge
and moisture which accelerates the ageing process. Therefore, an
appropriate oil treatment or purification process is required to delay
the aging process by sustaining or improving the quality and properties
of the insulation oil. Currently, in the field of oil treatment process,
there are only a few studies done regarding the natural ester insulating
oil (NEI) treatment compared to the mineral insulating oil (MI). In
fact, there were no study done concerning the effect of temperature
during treatment process toward NEI especially for the rapeseed and palm
based oil. Thus, a drying treatment process was selected in studying the
effect of temperature on NEI using a vacuum oven that have been set at
two temperatures of 65°C and 90°C with 0.09MPa pressure. The experiment was
conducted for one week with a time interval of one day (24 hours).
Quality of the treatment oil were then examined by evaluating its
moisture content, acidity and AC breakdown voltage. In addition, this
paper also investigated the temperature effects in determining the
optimum time taken for oil treatment process. The finding of this work
is believed to able in assisting the planning of an appropriate
maintenance strategy to keep the power transformer oil in healthy
condition, and hence met the standard requirement. |
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Title: |
Performance of deficient steel hollow
square section short column strengthened with CFRP |
Author (s): |
Mohammed J. Hamood, Maha Ghalib Ghaddar and
Zinah Asaad Abdul Husain |
Abstract: |
Strengthening with bonded CFRP-laminates might be an effective repair
method to restore the load-carrying capacity of deteriorated steel
elements. So, a deficient column needs to treat due to reducing in
strength capacity as a damage of column because of extra loading or
presence of dynamic loading. In this paper, short hollow square column
made from hot rolled steel was analyzed under static loading to check
out the column capacity and then same column with deficient as surface
area ratio in different layout were studies under the effects of static
and dynamic loading. The main parameters are number of layer as
thickness amount of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer, surface area ratio
of deficient and deficient layout. Finite elements method as numerical
solution by ANSYS software was adopted to simulate all models and
presented as three dimensional problems. The analysis indicated that the
deficient locations and sizes play important parameters in column
strength and serviceability. And the harmonic load results must
considered because of giving different performance from that under
static loading by enhancing performance of strengthened columns and the
presence of CFRP decreased the displacement in case of deficient column. |
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Title: |
Surveying the growth and wastewater
treatment ability of Para grass (Brachiaria Mutica) vegetation in the
stabilization ponds |
Author (s): |
Van Thi Thanh Ho, Minh Dang Pham, Tuan
Phan Anh Tran, Dang Minh Nguyen, Giang Long Bach, Duy Trinh Nguyen,
Huong Thi Pham, Trang Vu Thuy Dang, Quang Dang Tran and Nam Dong Hoang |
Abstract: |
The
use of aquatic plants to treat wastewater is an environmentally friendly
solution. In this study, Para grass (Brachiaria Mutica) is grown in a
water stabilization pond. Studying the growth cycle of Para grass for 35
days showed that the grass grew relatively fast in the first 20 days,
but starting from day 20 - 21 the grass started to blossom and grew more
slowly. Para grass grew equally in the first 12 days in both rainy and
dry seasons. However, Para grass grows in the rainy season is better
than in the dry season in the next 12 days. In the 24 - day cycle, 1m2
of dry grass contain the highest yield of 174.6g of carbohydrate, 18.97g
of nitrogen and 2.85g of phosphorus. The stabilization pond which is
covered by Para grass treated wastewater well. When the flow rate is
reduced to 0, 25 m3/h, this system is capable of handling pollutants
such as COD; total N, total P which is better than 0, 35 m3/h. Para
grass is capable of growing rapidly, unregenerate. Para grass is also
more suitable than water spinach and water hyacinth because these plants
have a rotting cycle that causes secondary water pollution. This
research direction is suitable for the current sustainable development
trend: using the method with low cost, friendly to the environment, easy
to operate and use plant species which are available in Vietnam. |
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Title: |
Structural, electrical and magnetic
properties of the (CexFe0.05Mg0.95-xO) nano compound synthesized via
sol-gel / auto combustion technique |
Author (s): |
Tagreed M. Al- Saadi, Ziad T. Khodair and
Ahmed H. Abed |
Abstract: |
In
this work (Cex Fe0.05Mg0.95-xO) nano particles (where x= 0, 0.025, 0.05,
0.075 and 0.10) were prepared by using sol-gel /auto combustion
technique. The XRD results showed that all samples are polycrystalline
in nature with cubic structure and lattice constant (a) decrease with
increasing of Ce content in the sample. The crystallite size found an
average size of (14.26 - 25.21 nm) was estimated by using Debye-Scherrer
equation. The results of (SEM) showed that the morphology look like
irregular aggregated of particles. The analysis of (EDX) confirmed the
presence of Mg, Ce, Fe and O ions in the prepared samples. The results
revealed that the dielectric loss factor and dielectric constant
increase with increasing the content of Ceion, but the conductivity is
inverse that behavior also the results showed that the initial magnetic
permeability and relative loss factor were affected by change the
content of Ce ion. |
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Title: |
Infrared occupancy detection technologies
in building automation - A review |
Author (s): |
Mika Maaspuro |
Abstract: |
Occupancy sensing, based on the use of single or sometimes on multiple
technologies, is used to gather the information about human presence the
building automation system requests. Infrared sensing technologies are
the most widely used in occupancy detection. This paper issues occupancy
detection from a building automation system, like an automatic lighting
control point of view, reviews the main concepts and terminologies
related to occupancy detection in buildings. Infrared occupancy sensing
technologies, passive technologies such as PIR, active IR technologies,
such as light barriers/gates based on the transmitter–receiver pair or
transmitter-mirror pair, are discussed in detail. The main focus is on
PIR sensor as it is the most common infrared technology used in motion
and occupancy detection. Author’s own contribution to this subject is
given in the form of a developed FEM simulation model for a typical PIR
sensor. The available IR technologies and the benefits and drawbacks of
each of the technologies are presented. A comparison between other
occupancy sensing technologies and their combination use is presented.
In order to reach higher accuracy in occupancy detection, a network of
sensors spreads around a building can be used. This paper reviews some
studies of occupancy detection and motion tracking based on IR sensor
network technologies and the associated methods in use. |
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Title: |
Proximal analysis of the residual cake
obtained with extraction by pressing seeds of Perehuetano |
Author (s): |
J. J. Lafont-Mendoza, E. A.
Espinosa-Fuentes, C. A. Severiche-Sierra, J. Jaimes-Morales and Y. A.
Marrugo-Ligardo |
Abstract: |
The
Parinari pachyphylla Rusby is a tree native to South America, popularly
called "Perehuétano", there is currently a growing interest dedicated to
finding new ways of obtaining edible oils such as those of plant seeds
that represent an important source of oils with high nutritional,
industrial and pharmaceutical importance. In this paper the proximal
analysis of the residual cake of seeds of the Perehuétano was carried
out, the extraction was carried out by the mechanical method of
pressing, obtaining the following results: humidity 3.28%, ashes 3.10%,
crude protein 37.87%, crude fiber 12.54%, crude fat 42.30% and
carbohydrates 4.30%. In conclusion it is indicated that the nutrients of
the cake of the raw seeds can be compared favorably with the nutrients
of the seed of common use, such as soybeans, cottonseed, rapeseed,
cantaloupe, jatropha curca, among others. |
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Title: |
Solution of an unsteady flow through
porous media past on moving vertical plate with variable temperature and
heat source in the presence of inclined magnetic field in the presence
of viscous dissipation |
Author (s): |
G. Narsimlu |
Abstract: |
In
this paper we analyze and study the problem of an unsteady flow through
porous media past on moving vertical plate with variable temperature and
heat source in the presence of inclined magnetic field and viscous
dissipation is studied. The governing equations are discritized by
Galerkin finite-element method and are solved by Crank-Nicolson method
using C-Program. The effects of variable parameters to the velocity and
temperature profiles are discussed graphically and the numerical values
obtained for skin-friction have been tabulated. |
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Title: |
Investigation of household hazardous
wastes (HHW) generation and composition in Padang City, Indonesia |
Author (s): |
Yenni Ruslinda, Slamet Raharjo, Rizki Aziz,
Yommi Dewilda and Arum Nabila |
Abstract: |
There
is no specific management for household hazardous waste (HHW) in Padang
City, West Sumatera, Indonesia. HHW management is still mixed with other
municipal solid waste; therefore it can pollute the environment and
endanger health. Generation unit and composition of solid waste is the
initial data required for a solid waste management system planning. This
study aims to analyze the generation and composition of HHW in Padang
City and calculate the percentage of HHW in the total solid waste of
Padang City in 2017. Determination of sample size, sampling method and
sample measurement was carried out in accordance with SNI (Indonesian
National Standard) 19-3964-1994 on Method of Sampling and Measuring
Sample of Generation and Composition of Municipal Solid Waste. According
to the calculation of SNI with 97% confidence level, 162 samples were
collected from domestic, commercial, institutional, industrial and
municipal services sources. The HHW generation of Padang City was 11.875
ton/day (excluding electronic waste) with the generation rate of16
g/cap/day the highest HHW generation was from industrial sources
(61.73%), followed by domestic sources (27.62%). HHW composition was
dominated by 37% body care and 24% cleaning products use. HHW of Padang
City was composed mainly of40% toxic and 19% corrosive. The percentage
of HHW in the total solid waste generation of Padang City was 2.2%.
Although the percentage was quite small, special planning is required
for the HHW management system due to the accumulated effects. |
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Title: |
Leading an electron beam in a
three-section linear accelerator |
Author (s): |
Vladimir Kuzmich Shilov, Aleksander
Nikolaevich Filatov and Aleksandr Evgenyevich Novozhilov |
Abstract: |
The
scale of human economic activity and the specificity of modern
technological processes used in industry, especially in chemical
industry and metallurgy, require special measures for environment
protection. For practical purposes, linear electron accelerators
operating in pulsed mode are currently used. Such accelerators may have
sufficient beam power for efficient use in the industry and for
environment protection. This paper shows the fundamental possibility of
leading an electron beam by own high-frequency fields of accelerating
resonators in linear accelerators with standing wave made on the basis
of bi-periodical slow-wave structures. The results of numerical
calculation of electrons dynamics with various initial conditions have
been shown. The obtained results have been used to create a
three-section accelerator, for which the calculated and experimental
data have been shown. The performed experimental studies have confirmed
the possibility of creating a standing wave linear accelerator without
an external magnetic focusing system with the output beam diameter not
exceeding5 mm. The results of beam dynamics calculations have been
experimentally confirmed. |
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Title: |
Design analysis of the thermal conditions
for continuous casting and extrusion based on a conform unit with
horizontal mold wheel |
Author (s): |
Skuratov Alexander P., Belyaev Sergey V.,
Gorokhov Yutij V., Potapenko A. S., Gubanov Ivan Y., Popiyakova N. P.,
Ivanov A. G., Lesiv Elena M., Kirko Vladimir I. and Koptseva Natalia P. |
Abstract: |
The
proximity mathematical model of complex heat exchange has been developed
in the area of a conform unit a with horizontal mold for the continuous
casting and extrusion of non-ferrous metals. The dynamics of the lead
alloy extrusion have been studied at an experimental laboratory unit.
The design temperatures for metal and elements of a prototype unit have
been identified. |
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Title: |
Battery energy storage system sizing for
high penetration of solar photovoltaic systems in low voltage
distribution network |
Author (s): |
Meysam Shamshiri, Chin Kim Gan and Nur
Izzati Zolkifriand Kyairul Azmi Baharin |
Abstract: |
The
integration of high penetration photovoltaic (PV) system at low voltage
(LV) distribution network has begun to introduce many challenges for
electricity utility companies from the technical and economic aspects.
In Malaysia, the NET-metering scheme is implemented with the aim to
encourage the in situ solar energy consumption before exporting any
excess to the grid. Nevertheless, during the high PV generation and
low load consumption period, the excess power can be stored in a Battery
Energy Storage System (BESS) to enable higher operation flexibility for
network operators. Thus, the BESS needs to be sized properly based on
the consumers’ type of premises and capacity of PV generation system.
This is to ensure optimum BESS operational efficiency. Hence, this paper
investigates BESS sizing for a typical Malaysian double-story house with
4kW rooftop PV system. The load profile is captured from the group of
normal house and PV generation profiles are taken from real data
captured at Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka. The results show that
different sizes of BESS have significant impacts on the net load profile
of the houses after connecting the battery. The optimum sizing of the
battery reduces the maximum demand and smoothen the net load profile by
storing the excess generation and dispatch it at the time of high
demand. The Load Factor (LF) and Variability Index (VI) are the two-main
metrics that have been considered in the study. The results show
significant improvement of these metrics after the optimum BESS
integration. |
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Title: |
Artificial grass to replace natural grass
in green areas and public parks to combat water shortage |
Author (s): |
El-Sherbiny Y. M. |
Abstract: |
Water
availability is the biggest environmental issue that faces many
countries like Egypt in the 21st Century. Water-efficient sustainable
landscapes can be responsive to the environment, re-generative, and can
actively contribute to the development of livable communities. This
paper presents experimental results aiming at improving the walking
safety measures on artificial landscape covers. The basic aim is to
study future developments that are necessary to deal with the emerging
changes in play grounds and public parks. Floor slipperiness is usually
monitored by coefficient of friction. Tests are made with 50 to 300 N
loads, in dry and wet rubbing conditions for Polyethylene fibers of
different length and thickness. The friction decreased with the increase
in normal load, which indicates high possibility of slipping for
runners. The performance of polyurethane wear is affected by the density
of fibers per unit area, whereas the friction decreased with decreasing
the number of fibers. On the other hand, the friction increased with
increasing the fiber thickness and length. |
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Title: |
Design of an information system for
recording and monitoring blood pressure |
Author (s): |
Laura Daniela Mendez Marulanda, Albeiro
Cortes Cabezas and Jose de Jesus Salgado Patron |
Abstract: |
Over
the years, the rate of people with blood pressure problems, whether
hypertension, hypotension or heart failure, has increased drastically.
This is due to the lifestyle that society has adopted, since it has left
very important aspects for health such as a healthy diet and exercise.
Over time this lifestyle has triggered a significant degradation of
health, especially in the cardiovascular aspect. Which can be avoided
with a better lifestyle and with monitoring and control of our blood
pressure to perform a constant analysis of the behavior of this
variable. That is why, through this work, the implementation of a blood
pressure monitoring and recording system based on the FIHR standard of
the HL7 family has been proposed. The main objective is to provide
patients with a mobile application that allows them to adequately
control their blood pressure and their records, so that timely
preventive measures can be taken by analyzing these records. |
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Title: |
Cooling strategies in the biological
systems and termite mound: the potential of emulating them to
sustainable architecture and bionic engineering |
Author (s): |
Amatal Raof Abd Ullah, Ismail Bin Said and Dilshan Remaz Ossen |
Abstract: |
Biomimicry, the science of emulating nature’s strategies, has remarkably
contributed to solving many of human problems in different fields. This
paper studied the potential of interpreting some of the nature
mechanisms to reduce or eliminate energy consumed for cooling purposes.
It highlights three of most effective cooling and thermo-regulating
strategies in extreme environments which are accomplished through
morphological features. For the first two strategies, a comparative
analysis of a mutual thermoregulatory mechanism was conducted for four
different organisms. The third strategy listed four of the related
hypotheses interpreted termite mound’s mechanism of thermoregulation.
The study concluded to draw the working principles of each strategy that
can contribute to design eco-friendly and passive cooling systems for
bionic engineering and architecture. It is assumed that applying
thermoregulation strategies will lead to creative designs with
significant energy saving. |
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Title: |
Feasibility study of the installation of
an additional “over lift” wing on the ch47 Chinook for cruise performance improvement through the lift-compound approach |
Author (s): |
Luca Piancastelli, Luca Bragaglia, Marco
Cremonini, Stefano Cassani and Eugenio Pezzuti |
Abstract: |
The
tandem rotor configuration is particularly convenient for the
lift-compound approach in helicopters. In fact, the additional wing is
positioned between the two rotors in an area that is marginally
interested by the airflow in vertical flight. On the contrary, in
horizontal flight, the airflow accelerated by the frontal rotor directly
invest the wing improving its lift. A very thin wing with a short chord
and a relatively large span can be manufactured with the same technology
of the rotor blades. If this wing is fixed without control surfaces, the
additional weight can be extremely limited. A concave-convex high lift
airfoilcan be used. This airfoil is relatively stiff due to the large
bending moment of inertia. A skin stressed structure can be used for the
additional wing to obtain also a large torsional stiffness. This
lightweight wing can be installed on the helicopter when required and it
can be optimized to a defined flight condition. In our case the
optimization was performed for cruise. With a very limited weight
increment and with a lift penalty within the simulation approximations,
the cruise fuel consumption can be halved. The result is impressive for
ferrying and long range passenger transport operations, where load
capacity can be fully exploited only by increasing the fuel load. In
this case a helicopter like the Chinook can perform long range missions
with a significant increase in operational capability. |
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Title: |
Detection of oscillatory transients using
Morphological Transform |
Author (s): |
P. Hariramakrishnan and S. Sendilkumar |
Abstract: |
This
paper presents the Mathematical Morphology Transform (MMT) signal
processing technique for the detection of oscillatory transients due to
capacitance switching in a power distribution system. The oscillatory
transient is simulated and processed to the MMT technique, generating
Structural Element (SE) from which it obtained the value of energy and
standard deviation for the samples of power system transient and is
classified. The classified output showed that the MMT had more
compatibility in identifying the power quality disturbances. |
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