ARPN Journal of Agricultural and Biological Science       ISSN 1990-6145
   
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ARPN Journal of Agricultural and Biological Science                             November 2015 | Vol. 10  No. 11
 
Title:

Diversity and density of birds at mangroves and oil palm plantations in two different regions in Selangor, Malaysia

Author (s): Aainaa Amir, Hafidzi M. N. and Kamarul Ariffin H.
Abstract:

This study is to determine the comparison of bird diversity and density between mangroves and oil palm plantation and its vicinity in the state of Selangor, Malaysia. The data was collected from two regions; Teluk Panglima Garang-Pulau Carey and Banting-Jenjarom. To determine the composition, diversity and density of resident bird communities, bird surveys were conducted using the Point Count technique at each study sites from October 2012 to May 2013. 4702 individuals were detected representing 108 species and 42 families from the surveys. The results show that species varied considerably in their use of habitat, and also responded differently in the same habitat in different regions. The oil palm plantation has also demonstrated the lowest species richness and absolute abundance of bird species in both sites. This study clearly shows that the undisturbed area; for this case mangrove is of critical importance for long-term survival of a great number of species.

 
       
 
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Title:

Effect of ascorbic acid on postharvest vase life of cut lisianthus (eustoma grandiflorum l.) flowers

Author (s): Samaneh Azizi, Rasoul Onsinejad and Behzad Kaviani
Abstract:

The vase life of Lisianthus (Eustoma grandiflorum L.) cut flowers is relatively short because of some post-harvest problems. Thus, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of ascorbic acid (AsA) in extending the vase life of Lisianthus cut flowers. Ascorbic acid is a natural acid and an antioxidant compound which stabilize cell membrane and proteins. Continuous treatment of ascorbic acid at 0, 50, 100 and 200 mg l-1 was administered to Lisianthus flowers. The longest vase life of cut flowers (15.50 days) was observed in flowers treated with 200 mg l-1 of ascorbic acid. This treatment increased cut vase life seven days longer that the control treatment. The maximum solution uptake (4.133 ml g-1 F.W.) was calculated in 200 mg l-1 ascorbic acid. The highest dry matter (21.55%) and loss of fresh weight (9.761 g) were obtained in 200 mg l-1 ascorbic acid, too. The results of this study showed that ascorbic acid (vitamin C), as a natural anti-oxidant, plays an important role in prolong of cut Lisianthus flowers when it is applied at suitable concentration.

 
 
 
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Title:

Analytical growth study of cotton cultivars in supplement of animal manure and synthetic fertilizers in soil

Author (s): Allah Bakhsh Gulshan, Kubra Bibi, Abdul Latif and Muhammad Imran Atta
Abstract:

Cotton is an important cash crop. In developing countries like Pakistan, cotton is a major source of economics to many farmers. The soils of Pakistan are generally low in organic matter, firstly because of arid climate resulting in a rapid decomposition of organic matter and secondly because very little organic matter is added to the soil. Soil nutrients deficiency fulfilled by the application of phosphorus as well as nitrogenous fertilizers. Experiment was carried out in the wire house of Botany Department, Ghazi University Dera Ghazi Khan. 60 earthen pots were used to test the vegetative growth parameters of two cotton cultivars. i.e. BT 886 and BT 905 of cotton species having 5 replicates and 3 treatments for each cultivar. Two-way ANOVA was carried out to determine the differences among treatment groups and growth and development variables of cotton by using a statistical software MINITAB version 14. From this trial experiment it was concluded that the application of synthetic fertilizers showed highly significant difference at the different levels of vegetative growth of two cotton cultivars than the application of animal manure. Among the cultivars, Cultivar 2 i.e. BT 905 showed maximum growth at various harvesting intervals under the significantly increase the treatments levels than the cultivar 1 i.e. BT 886. The concluded annotations of this trail were that the Synthetic fertilizers were more appropriate to obtain the good quality and quantity of fiber crops than the animal manure.

 
 
 
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Title:

Socio-economic factors affecting income generating activities of poor women enterprises in Zalingei- Sudan

Author (s): Thabit A. Hassan, Suliman Elmahill Suliman and Ali Ahmed Dawoud
Abstract:

Women are 70% of the world’s poor and 70% of agricultural labor in developing countries. Women’s enterprises tend to be relatively small, have informal structures, flexibility, low capital needs, modest educational requirements, high labor intensity, and depend on local raw materials. Due to all mentioned above people are living in low income level and economic status. The main objective of this research is to investigate the linkages between rural finance and rural women and socio- economic characteristics affecting Income generating activities. A well-structured pre-tested questionnaire used to collect the data. The age, employee and additional income were significant at 0.01, 0.05 and 0.1% level of significances for the model implying that the respondents are depending in their income for their age, employee, in the others and additional income received as remittance from their relatives.

 
 
 
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Title:

Effect of citric acid on vase life, solution uptake and chlorophyll content of cut lisianthus (eustoma grandiflorum l.) flowers

Author (s): Samaneh Azizi and Rasoul Onsinejad
Abstract:

Lisianthus (Eustoma grandiflorum L.) is an ornamental plant which contains one of the world’s top cut flowers. Vase life of cut Lisianthus flower is relatively short. Citric acid is an organic compound and a natural acid. Different concentrations of citric acid were used as preservative solutions aiming to extend the vase life of cut Lisianthus flowers. These flowers; at optimum developmental stage was treated with a vase solution containing citric acid at concentrations of 0, 50, 100 and 200 mg l-1. Longevity of cut Lisianthus flowers was determined on the basis of wilting and chlorophyll retention. Cut Lisianthus was kept at room temperature (20±2°C) under normal day light and natural ventilation. The greatest longevity of vase life (15.37 days) was related to 200 mg l-1citric acid. This treatment increased cut vase life more than six days longer that the control treatment. The maximum solution uptake (4.82 ml g-1 F.W.) was calculated in 200 mg l-1citric acid. The highest total chlorophyll content (8.40 mg g-1 F.W.) was obtained in 100 mg l-1 citric acid. The present study concludes that it would be possible to use solutions containing citric acid to maximize extending the vase life of cut Lisianthus flowers.

 
 
 
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