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| ARPN Journal of Agricultural and Biological
Science
December 2015 | Vol. 10 No. 12 |
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Title: |
The effect of parent plant nutrition on
germination and vigor of seeds of Balangu (Lallemantia
royleana
L.) under different irrigation periods |
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Author (s): |
Zeynab Kobra Pishva, Majid Amini Dehaghi and Kayvan Agahi |
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Abstract: |
Environmental conditions in which the seeds
are produced affect seed characteristics and development.
The aim of this experiment was to study the effect of parent
plant nutrition on germination and vigor of seeds of Balangu
medicinal plant (Lallemantia
royleana L.) under different
irrigation periods. For this purpose an experiment was
conducted at Medicinal Plants Research Center of Shahed
University, Tehran, Iran in 2014. First, maternal plants
were exposed to irrigation periods and chelate nano-iron
fertilizer in the form of a split plot statistical design
according to an RCBD with three replications. After
harvesting, seeds were subjected to germination test.
Germination percentage (GP), mean germination time (MGT) and
the seed vigor index (SVI) were calculated. Results revealed
that the highest GP, MGT and SVI were observed when
irrigation was cut off after seed formation stage suggesting
drought during seed maturity may increase GP, MGT and SVI.
Also, the highest GP was obtained when a solution of nano-iron
fertilizer (8/1000) was sprayed on leaves rather than adding
to the soil suggesting nano-Iron can be absorbed better and
faster through spraying on leaves. Moreover the interactive
effect resulted in a further increase in studied traits. In
conclusion, results of the present study suggested that cut
off irrigation after seed formation stage as well as foliar
application of chelate nano-Iron fertilizer in Balangu
maternal plants increased germinablity of seeds. However, a
further increase was obtained under the impact of the
interaction effect. |
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Title: |
Effect of aflatoxins on poultry production
and control methods of destructive influence |
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Author (s): |
A. Abedi
and E. Talebi |
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Abstract: |
Aflatoxins are natural fungi toxins thathave
originated from Aspergillous fungi and secondary metabolites
of moulds such as Aspergillus
flavus and
A. parasiticus. These
toxins can be carcinogenic if they enter the body through
food. Alfatoxin toxins can cause tissue necrosis, hepatic
cirrhosis and liver cancer. Observed clinical signs in human
including: regurgitation, cramp, acute hepatic lesions such
as lipid changes, pulmonary edema, muscle tremors, coma,
hysteria and death with brain edema and involvement of
organs such as liver, kidney and heart. Among aflatoxins B1,
B2, G1, G2, the most common
ones is aflatoxin B1 that is very toxic.
Aflatoxins
can be
found in many foods, for
example,
grains, oilseeds, spices,
maize,
groundnuts(peanuts),
pistachios,
red pepper, black pepper,
dried fruit, figs, are substances
that have a high risk of aflatoxin.
But this dangerous toxin has been observed in a wide variety
of food. There has been a chance of contaminant with
alfatoxin M in milk, chease and other dairy products; and Mycotoxins have had improper economical effects on farmers,
consumers of agricultural and animal products and ultimately
the entire of community. |
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Title: |
The economic effects of net nominal
protection coefficients for meat products in Iraq |
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Author (s): |
Norsida
Man, Sarmad Ali Hussein Ismail Latif and Nitty Hirawaty |
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Abstract: |
The research aims to release the effects of
price policy for meat products in Iraq through the net
nominal protection coefficients whether for the benefit of
producers or consumers and measure the net nominal protection
coefficient aggregate for all meat products combined.
Finding ensure goods (Beef, Poultry, Fish), which are
important food commodities in the lives of citizens; I saw
that a continuing rise in commodity prices, especially in
recent years, which could harm the consumption of these
products. The results showed that the producers Beef meat
obtained the largest share of protection for fish and
poultry producers. In general protection during the nineties
was for the benefit of consumers and after the 2004-2010
year was protection for the benefit of producers of all
types of meat. This was reflected on the values of
synthesis protection coefficient of meat all. Iraqi currency
exchange rates had a role in the price policy. The study
advises advancement by animal production and improves the
methods and techniques and provides output elements. |
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Title: |
Influence of Malic acid on the longevity of
cut Eustoma grandiflorum L. flowers |
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Author (s): |
Samaneh
Azizi, Rasoul Onsinejad and Behzad Kaviani |
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Abstract: |
Cut Lisianthus (Eustoma
grandiflorum L.) flowers are sensitive to microbial
contamination and have relatively short vase life.
Increasing the vase life of cut flowers is important from
economical point of view. Malic acid is an organic acid with
some roles in plants such as osmotic balance, pH regulation
and energy source. An experiment was conducted to determine
the effect of different concentrations of Malic acid to
extending the vase life and post-harvest quality of
Lisianthus cut flowers. Cut Lisianthus flowers were kept in
solutions containing 0, 50, 100 and 200 mg l-1
malic acid. The maximum vase life (13.50 days) was observed
in flowers held in solution containing 100 mg l-1
Malic acid. The minimum vase life (8.50 days) was observed
for the flowers kept in control solution. The maximum
solution uptake (4.832 ml g-1 F.W.) was
calculated in 100 mg l-1 Malic acid, too. The
highest dry matter (22.41%) was obtained in 200 mg l-1
Malic acid. The highest total chlorophyll content (9.973 mg
g-1 F.W.) was obtained in 50 mg l-1
malic acid. Our results revealed that malic acid has the
potential to extending vase life of cut Lisianthus flowers. |
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Title: |
SEM/EDX analysis of the roots
of water lilies (Nymphaeaceae sp.) collected along pasig
river in Manila, Philippines |
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Author (s): |
Maria Cecilia Galvez,
June Francis De Guzman, Steven Doniel Gueco, Jean Camelo, Red Castilla
and Edgar A. Vallar |
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Abstract: |
To study the possibility of using water
lilies as bioindicator of water pollution along Pasig River
in Manila, Philippines, elemental analysis on the roots of
water lily species was performed using scanning electron
microscope equipped with energy dispersive X-ray analysis (SEM/EDX)
and for water samples a Total X-ray Fluorescence
Spectroscopy (T-XRF) was used. Samples of water lilies were
collected at four well-known bridges (Jones Bridge,Mabini
Bridge -formerly Nagtahan Bridge, Makati-Mandaluyong Bridge,
and Bambang Bridge) from February - April 2011. For
comparison, samples were also taken from a swamp at
TulaynaBato, Daet, Camarines Norte, Philippines where no
known pollutants were recorded and this site is free from
any anthropogenic sources. All water samples were found to
contain elements like S, Cl, K, Ca, Mn, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn, Br,
Sr, and Al. Co was detected only in Jones Bridge and the
concentration of Cu in Mabini Bridge exceeded the maximum
allowable limit of 0.05 ppm. Elements found in the water
samples, such as Cl, K, Ca, Mn, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn, and Al were
also present in the roots of water lilies. Result of
elemental analysis using EDXalso showed that heavy metals
like Pb and Hg were not detected in the epidermis and
cross-section of the samples collected in Camarines Norte
site but they were detected in the roots of water lilies
collected along Pasig River. |
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Title: |
Variability, heritability and association analysis in
eggplant (Solanum melongena) |
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Author (s): |
Mohammad Reza Naroui Rad, Mahdiyeh Poodineh, Abdolrahim
Ghalandarzehi and Javad Abkhoo |
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Abstract: |
To determine the best eggplant cultivars and lines in terms
of performance, nine advanced cultivars and lines were
planted in transplant trays on March, 2013. In mid-April
2014, nine cultivars and lines were taken from the seedling
trays and were evaluated and compared in an experiment in
form of a completely randomized block design with three
replications at the Agricultural Research Station, Zahak.
The results of the analysis of variance showed that there
was a significant difference between the studied cultivars
in terms of average fruit weight, fruit length, fruit
diameter, ratio of fruit length to its diameter, the
relative number of seeds per fruit, and each plant yield.
The total yield of Sohrab and Y6 line with an average of
41.9 and 36.7 t/ ha allocated the highest yield respectively
to themselves. The results of simple correlation between the
analyzed traits showed the final yield was affected by the
average fruit weight due to direct and indirect effects of
fruit weight and plant yield on the final yield. The
genotypic and heritability values were high for fruit
weight, fruit length and number of seed per fruit. The first
two principal components accounted for 81.6% of the total
variation among the characters describing genotypes. |
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Title: |
Evaluating a laboratory test-rig for calibration of a grain
drill for educational purposes |
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Author (s): |
Saad A. Al-Hamed, Mohamed F. Wahby, Abdulwahed M. Aboukarima
and Ibrahim S. Tabash |
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Abstract: |
A simple laboratory test-rig for calibrating and testing
seed drills was developed and evaluated for educational
purposes. It was consisted of variable speed electric motor,
two gears and magnetic pickup for measuring rotational
speed. The developed test-rig was checked by operating a
mounted seed drill (SOLA TRISEM 294/R ESP) Model No.37193
TIPO250 under different treatments, which included four
simulated ground wheel speeds and three types of seeds. The
outputs which affected by these treatments were application
rate and coefficient of variation. The results showed that,
the developed test-rig had ability to move the feeding shaft
on the seed drill with constant speed. Average of the
coefficient of variation of weight of the wheat seeds
deposited from tubes varied between 2.65 to 0.07% based on
seed type and ground wheel speed. The relative ease with
which the test-rig is adjusted in the laboratory suits to
study the factors affected the seed drill performance. |
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