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ARPN Journal of Engineering and Applied
Sciences
March 2013 | Vol. 8 No. 3 |
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Title: |
Variation of
safety factor with suctions of infinite clay slope under
partially saturated condition |
Author (s): |
Anuchit
Uchaipichat |
Abstract: |
In this paper, the simulation results of
variation of safety factor with suctions of infinite clay
slope under partially saturated condition are presented. The
variations of safety factor with matric suction ranging from 1
to 100, 000 kPa are presented. The undrained shear strength,
which is a function of matric suction, is back-calculated from
the laboratory bearing tests reported by Uchaipichat and Man-koksung
(2011). The simulations results show that the safety factor
increases with increasing matric suction for all values of
slope thickness. The results also show a decrease in safety
factor with increasing values of slope thickness. |
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Title: |
Experimental
and theoretical design for a new array micro-lenses silicon
solar cell concentrator |
Author (s): |
Ali H. Al-Hamdani |
Abstract: |
In this paper, a new model for
array of micro-lenses concentrator was designed. This
concentrator consists of array of micro-lenses (MLA) to focus
solar light on four rectangular slaps of photovoltaic Si solar
cell. The design aim to reduce the cost of the concentrators
by reduces the effective area of the high cost silicon
material area and simplified the structure of the system. The
solar cell with the MLA- concentrator adds energy conversion
efficiency (11.98%) and reducing the total cost. |
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Title: |
Power aware
routing in mobile ad hoc networks: a survey |
Author (s): |
Salonee Mishra
and Binod Kumar Pattanayak |
Abstract: |
Power consumption is a crucial
design concern in Wireless ad hoc networks since wireless
nodes are typically battery limited. Power consumption can
occur due to receiving the data, transmitting the data
traffic, mobility etc. Power failure of mobile node not only
affects the node itself but also its ability to forward
packets on behalf of others and hence overall network
lifetime. It might not be possible to replace/recharge a
mobile node that is powered by batteries. To take full
advantage of life time of nodes, traffic should be routed in a
way that power consumption is minimized. Power Aware Routing
is a consideration in a way that it minimizes the energy
consumption while routing the traffic, aims at minimizing the
total power consumption of all the nodes in the network,
minimizing the overhead etc and thus, at maximizing the
lifespan of the network using some Power Aware Routing
Protocols. Although establishing correct and efficient routes
is an important design issue in mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs),
a more challenging goal is to provide power efficient routes
because mobile nodes operation time is the most critical
limiting factor. This paper surveys and classifies the power
aware routing protocols proposed for MANETs. They minimize
either the active communication energy required to transmit or
receive packets or the inactive energy consumed when a mobile
node stays idle but listens to the wireless medium for any
possible communication requests from other nodes. Transmission
power control, load distribution and power management
approaches are used to minimize active communication energy
while sleep/power-down mode approach is used to minimize
inactive communication energy using some power aware metrics
like energy consumed per packet, time to network partition,
variance in node power levels, cost per packet, throughput,
end-to-end delay, packet delivery ratio etc. Each protocol has
definite advantages/disadvantages and is well suited for
certain situations. The purpose of this paper is to facilitate
the research efforts in combining the existing solutions to
offer a more power efficient routing mechanism. |
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Title: |
Factors
effect to the sulfide generation rate in the to lich river,
Vietnam |
Author (s): |
Nguyen Huu
Huan, Nguyen Xuan Hai, Tran Yem and Nguyen Nhan Tuan |
Abstract: |
In this paper, the water quality
index (WQI) was used as a indicator to assess the pollution
level of the water quality in the To Lich River. The
comparison of most important factors on the sulfide generation
in the open channel and pipe sewers system was presented. The
result also denoted that the close relationship between Oxygen
- Redox Potential (ORP) values and log {[S2-]/ [SO42-]}
by correlation coefficient R2 = 0.6369. And surface
water layer was the main source of To Lich River to produce
sulfide by Sulfate Reducing Bacteria (SRB). The factors to
affect the sulfide generation rate in the To Lich River (open
channel) were organic matter (BOD5), and
environmental conditions such as ORP, pH, and Temperature (T).
The found model in this study for estimating the sulfide
generation from the To Lich River depended on the variables
such as: ORP, T, pH, BOD5, with the correlation
coefficient R2 = 0.9619, as follows:
[S2-] = 0.0063 * ORP
+ 0.0427 * T - 4.371 * pH - 0.0012 * BOD5 + 31.87 |
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Title: |
Flexural
strength of fibrous ultra high performance reinforced concrete
beams |
Author (s): |
Wasan I. Khalil and Tayfur Y. R. |
Abstract: |
The flexural behavior of eleven
150×150×1950 mm ultra high performance conventionally
reinforced concrete beams containing hooked and crimped steel
fibers with different volume fractions (0.5 %, 0.75 % and 1 %)
in full and partial depths of beams cross sections is studied
in this investigation. The load deflection relationship,
resilience, toughness indices, first crack load, ultimate load
and concrete strains were investigated. The experimental
results show that the addition of steel fibers slightly
enhances the load-deflection relationship and ultimate load
for beam specimens. The type of steel fibers (crimped and
hooked) has a little effect on load-deflection behavior,
ultimate moment capacity, cracking pattern, while in
resilience and toughness, beam specimens with hooked steel
fiber showed slightly better behavior than those with crimped
steel fibers. The ultimate tensile strength of beams has been
rederived and contributed in order to calculate the moment
capacity. The calculated ultimate moment capacity was in good
agreement with the experimental ultimate moment capacity. |
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Title: |
Structural
analysis of the rocks in the north - eastern part of Gjilan
region (Kosovo) |
Author (s): |
Islam Fejza,
SabriAvdullahi, Ahmet. Tmava, Afrim Koliqi and Sylejman Berisha |
Abstract: |
In this paper, structural analyses show that
the rocks in the North - Eastern part of Gjilani Region
represent a mega-antiform reversed towards the south-west.
This is accompanied by meso - and micro-isoclinal folds, with
reversal towards the West, observed in the tectonic
stratification with the thickness of several millimetres to
several meters. These tectonic stratifications under green
schist`s facies conditions, amphibolites, marbles, quartzes,
etc., a result from the tectonic transposition during the
deformation phase associated with a regional homogeneous
schistosity Sn (Axial plan of isoclinal folds). This last one
has NNW strike and dip, once to East and once to West with the
angle about 70°. The associated metamorphism is the high grade
to middle metamorphism, aged of 150 to 130 million years
deducted from dating in neigh boring regions (Most, 2003). The
cinematic analyses concerning this deformation phase indicate
a transport of the upper part towards the SW. Concerning this
phase of deformation, the direction of displacement is deduced
from the reversed polarity of the Sn, while transport sense is
deduced from the cinematic analysis on field and the
microscope analysis. Structural and microstructural analysis
show also two successive phases accompanied by a crenulation
schistosity Sn+1 and fracture schistosity S n +2, connected
to two deformations stages D n +1 and D n +2. The Age of
metamorphism that accompanies these two stages is difficult to
assess. The crenulation schistosity has a heterogeneous
behaviour and is proving that belongs to the ductile-brittle
deformation and depends on the facial lithology. While the
fracture schistosity shows a homogeneous behaviour with wide
strike with strong dip angle once north, once south. |
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Title: |
Assessment of
wash program in public secondary schools in south-western
Nigeria |
Author (s): |
David O.
Olukanni |
Abstract: |
The provision of safe water, sanitation and
hygiene in schools has been established to improve health,
boost educational achievement, and promote gender equity which
has a positive impact on the society. The aim of this pilot
study is to ascertain the state of WASH program in public
secondary schools in South-Western Nigeria. A total of twelve
schools which span across three Local Government areas in two
States (Lagos and Ogun), in South-Western Nigeria were
selected. The standard for WASH in schools by UNICEF was used
as the guiding principles to evaluate the adequacy of the
various WASH components. Out of the 12 public secondary
schools visited, only 3 (25%) had drinking water points
(boreholes) and 40% of the schools do not have separate
latrines for boys and girls, and for promoting privacy of
older girls. Only 1 (10%) of the schools had hand washing
points but without soap and there is no plan in the schools
for advancing WASH program. This study reveals that the
present WASH practice in many of the schools is not adequate.
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Title: |
Novel
technique for fabrication of aluminum6061 - mwcnt (multi-walled
carbon nano tube) metal matrix composites |
Author (s): |
Manjunatha L.
H. and P. Dinesh. |
Abstract: |
Al6061 MMC’s are quiet popular
in engineering applications because of low density and high
stiffness. Carbon Nano tube of late, has emerged to be an
excellent reinforcement material for aluminium based metal
matrix composites. The present work attempts at developing
Al6061 based MMC’s using MWCNT’s for reinforcement using
powder metallurgy and stir casting techniques. In this study
the details of the manufacturing techniques have been
discussed. The SEM images and microstructure details from
optical microscope are presented for the various compositions
of the MMC’s that have been developed. From the SEM images and
microstructure of the composites it is observed that there is
uniform distribution of MWCNT and good bonding exists between
the carbon nano tubes and the matrix, establishing the stir
casting technique for production of Al6061-MWCNT metal matrix
composites. |
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Title: |
Monitoring
and fuzzy control device temperature (Diteco) |
Author (s): |
Agustin-Soto
Otalora, Gustavo-Humberto Polania and William Cabrera-Castro |
Abstract: |
The fuzzy controllers were
developed to create alternative ways to classic control in
order to avoid complex mathematical calculations involved in
the design and have the characteristic to adapt itself to
changes that may occur in the plant due to external sources.
This paper shows the design of a fuzzy PD control for a
furnace, which can be initialized to work with different
temperature sensors that are commonly found in industry
(PT100, J Thermocouple, K thermocouple, S thermocouple). In
this paper we discuss the advantages and disadvantages of
working with fuzzy control, plus it is orderly explained the
different stages of the process to create it, from the signal
processing of the sensors to the controller output. |
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Title: |
Heat transfer
enhancement in fin and tube heat exchanger - a review |
Author (s): |
Praful Date
and V. W. Khond |
Abstract: |
This paper proposed the novel
approached toward the heat transfer enhancement of plate and
fin heat exchanger using improved fin design facilitating the
vortex generation. The vortex generator can be embedded in the
plane fin and that too in a low cost with effect the original
design and setup of the commonly used heat exchangers. The
various design modifications which are implemented and studied
numerically and experimentally is been discussed in the paper. |
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