|
ARPN Journal of Engineering and Applied
Sciences
September 2013 | Vol. 8 No.
9 |
|
|
Title: |
The
application of environmental engineering system for crops and
livestocks |
Author (s): |
Prayong
Keeratiurai |
Abstract: |
The study was the relationship of the size of
the wind turbine blades (A) to the rate of pumping (Q) from
shallow wells or water tank and the relationship of wind speed
(v) to the rate of pumping (Q) from shallow wells or water
tank.
This model of waste recovery was application
engineering system that applied to crops and livestock in
vertical integration
to reduce the horizontal land and the vertical
wind turbine pumped water that it was done from plastic bin.
The type of crop and animal farming must be
completed by the fully of the five food groups. The model was
implemented with animal farming of vertical integration by to
build chicken coops on Tilapia and catfish ponds to be used
like chicken manure and vegetable waste was food of Tilapia
fishes and Catfishes. Fish types were durable and could
coexist in a natural separation. The plants were grown as
Kale, Rice, Chinese cabbages, Lettuce, Morning glory,
Soybeans, Green beans, Peanuts. The results showed the
relationship of A (m2) and Q (m3/s) that
the rate of pumping of vertical axis wind turbine was
proportional to the size of the wind turbine blades as the
equation was Q = 0.1152 (A) - 0.0555 with R2 =
0.798 at the lowest average wind speed was 2.17 m/s and
suction lift was 0.20 m. The result also showed the
relationship of v (m/s) and Q (m3/s) that the
increasing of wind speed was proportional to the increasing of
the rate of pumping as the equation was Q = 0.337 (v) - 0.3865
with R2 = 0.89 at the wind turbine blades was 3.58
m2 and suction lift was 0.20 m. The result also
showed the maximum pumping rate of the vertical axis wind
turbine was 0.561 m3/s at the wind speed was 2.893
m/s, the minimum of suction lift was 0.20 m, and the maximum
size of the wind turbine blades was 3.580 m2.
Results obtained from this model for economic problem solving
was 178, 080.00 baht/year of total of revenue from sale of
vegetables and livestock products. Total profit was 69, 439.00
baht/year. Compared with traditional horizontal monoculture
farming, this program could horizontal land saving, the water
pipe saving, electricity saving, water saving, animal feed
saving, fertilizer saving, and saving to the expenses of the
family was 160, 700.00 baht/year. Also results obtained from
this model were 50.64% of IRR, 1.51 of B/C ratio, and 0.66
year of payback period. |
|
|
|
Title: |
Establishment
of rainfall intensity-duration-frequency (idf) curves for
mampong-ashanti municipal area of the Ashanti region in Ghana |
Author (s): |
Kotei R,
Kyei-Baffour N, Ofori E and Agyare W.A. |
Abstract: |
The paper presents
intensity-duration-frequency (IDF) curves developed for the
Mampong-Ashanti Municipal area using autographic rainfall
data. The intensity-duration-frequency relationship is a
mathematical relationship between the rainfall intensity, the
duration and the return period commonly required for planning
and designing of various hydrological resource projects. Many
sets of relationships have been developed and used in several
parts of the world. This relationship is determined through
statistical analysis of samples of records collected from the
catchment’s meteorological station. Mampong-Ashanti Municipal
area in the Ashanti Region of Ghana has a daily rainfall
recording rain gauge. A total of six different durations
ranging from 5 minutes to 60 minutes for return periods of 1,
2, 3, 4, 6, 7, 11 and 22 years were analyzed. The IDF curves
for the area were developed using the available rainfall data,
Weibull plotting position and empiricism. |
|
|
|
Title: |
Identification of asymmetrical faults in electrical power
systems based on signal processing and neural network |
Author (s): |
Abdulhamid A.
Abohagar and M.W. Mustafa |
Abstract: |
In the present era, faults are
the greatest interruption for the power system utility.
Theses, faults on electrical power systems are unavoidable
problems and will continue to happen. These faults are effects
on the power system reliability and stability, hence,
diagnosis and classification of such faults in rapid and
accurate way is an important issue. In this paper, combination
method of digital signal processing and multi-layer neural
network has presented. The methodology has divided in two
steps, firstly: wavelet transform has implemented in here for
pre-processing the data, which is used to extract the useful
information during the fault in both time and frequency
domain, and calculate the features of coefficients which is
used as input for neural network. Secondly: multi-layer neural
network has adopted here to detect and classify the
unsymmetrical faults in different conditions such as single
line to ground fault, line to line to ground fault and double
line fault. Power System Computer-Aided Design
/Electromagnetic Transients with DC (PSCAD/EMTDC) used to
simulate the three types of asymmetry faults. Simulation
results reveal that the proposed method gives satisfactory
results, and will be very useful in the development of a power
system protection scheme. |
|
|
|
Title: |
Injection and
fall-off tests transient analysis of Non-Newtonian fluids |
Author (s): |
Freddy Humberto Escobar, Johanna
Marcela Ascencio and Daniel Felipe Real |
Abstract: |
The use of non-Newtonian fluids is not new in
the oil industry. Some of their qualities have been used as
completion and stimulation fluids, fracturing operations and
enhanced oil recovery projects. Besides, most heavy oils obey
a non-Newtonian behavior. Therefore, it is important to have
available a practical well test interpretation methodology for
testing wells through which non-Newtonian fluids have been
injected. Conventional analysis has been used for well test
interpretation of injected non-Newtonian fluids. The main
drawback of conventional analysis resides in properly
identification of the points through which certain flow regime
goes. This is not the case for the pressure derivative.
Needless to say that an adequate analysis of these data will
help obtaining a maximum oil recovery since it depends on a
better reservoir characterization, then, a more practical and
accurate methodology is required. Once the behavior of
non-Newtonian injection fluids was obtained for different flow
behavior indexes appropriate equations of the TDS
technique were used along with conventional analysis for
interpretation well test data. Both methodologies were used
and successfully tested with synthetic and field examples. |
|
|
|
Title: |
Characteristics and chemical composition of Solanum
Elaeagnifolium seed oil |
Author (s): |
H. Feki, I.
Koubaa, H. Jaber, J. Makni and M. Damak |
Abstract: |
The physico-chemical
characteristics and the fatty acid, sterol and triacylglycerol
compositions of oil extracted from
Solanum
elaeagnifolium seeds were
determined in this study. The percentage yield of the oil was
calculated as 3%. The saponification value (226.15mg KOH g-1),
iodine value (149.1 g/100 g of oil),
peroxide value
(61.87 mequiv.O2/kg)
and free fatty acid (13.9 mg KOH g-1)
were determined to assess the quality of the oil. The physico-chemical
characterization showed that
Solanum
elaeagnifolium seed oil is
unsaturated semi-drying oil, with high saponification and
acidic values.
The oil contains high levels of
Linoleic acid (C18:2,
67.59%),
oleic acid (C18:1, 16.70%) and palmitic acid (C16:0,
8.52%). LLL (35.38%), OLL (18.91%), PLL (16.52%) and PLO
(13.81%) were the abundant triacylglycerols representing more
than 84% of the seed oil (L: linoleic, O: oleic, P: palmitic,
S: stearic).
The sterol marker, β-sitosterol, accounted for 69.66% of the
total sterol content in the seed oil and is followed by
campesterol (11.51%), stigmasterol (7.64%) and Δ5-avenasterol
(5.37%). |
|
|
|
Title: |
Fuzzy
compromise approach for solving bi-level linear programming
problem with fuzzy parameters |
Author (s): |
S.
Mohanaselvi and K. Ganesan |
Abstract: |
In this paper, we have proposed
an algorithm to solve bilevel linear programming problems with
fuzzy parameters without converting it to crisp equivalent
problem and obtained a fuzzy compromise solution. Since the
decision variables and objective functions are represented as
fuzzy membership functions, the proposed fuzzy compromise
solution will be more practical and reasonable. A numerical
example is provided to illustrate the solution method proposed
in this paper. |
|
|
|
Title: |
Effect of
wall thickness on the torsional -distortional response of
thin-walled box girder structures |
Author (s): |
Chidolue C.
A., Aginam C. H. and Okonkwor V.O. |
Abstract: |
Trapezoidal box girders
are often used in
straight and curved bridges due to the large torsional
stiffness that results from the closed cross section. However,
the torsional loading on the box girder can cause the cross
section to distort from its original shape, which results in
distortional stresses in the walls of the box section. This
paper presents an analytical study on variation of these
distortional stresses with the thinness of the walls of
trapezoidal box girder sections. Typical torsional loads on
box girder bridges were used to obtain the distortional
components of these applied torsional loads. Expressions for
the generalized governing equations of torsional and
distortional equilibrium were obtained on the basis of
Vlasov’s theory of thin-walled structures. Using the principle
of minimum potential energy of a structure, the potential
energy of the frame at equilibrium was obtained and minimized
with respect to its functional variables to obtain the
differential equations of equilibrium for torsional-distortional
analysis of trapezoidal box girders structures. Strain modes
diagram were generated for various cross sectional member
thicknesses and used to obtain the coefficients for the
differential equations of equilibrium. By keeping the wall
thicknesses of various cross sectional members (deck slab,
web, and bottom flange slab) uniform, a practical range of
wall thickness for such girders was obtained. By keeping the
thickness of the web and bottom flange slab constant, within
the practical range of wall thickness, and varying the
thickness of the deck slab alone, the effect of slab thickness
on the torsional-distortional response of thin-walled
mono-symmetric box girder bridges was studied. |
|
|
|
Title: |
A comparative
study of active power factor correction ac-dc converters for
electric vehicle applications |
Author (s): |
A. Inba Rexy
and R. Seyezhai |
Abstract: |
The rising growth in the usage of electronic
equipment’s internally works on DC voltage. The conversion
from AC to DC will cause high current peaks which lead to
harmonic distortion of the supply current and low power
factor. This results in voltage distortion, low efficiency,
and poor power factor. Active Power Factor Correction (APFC)
is implemented in circuits to shape the input phase currents,
so that they are sinusoidal in nature and are in phase with
the input phase voltages. A suitable DC-DC converter is
proposed and Interleaved Boost Converter (IBC) topology is
discussed in this paper. The performance of two-phase
uncoupled and directly coupled Interleaved Boost Converter
(IBC) have been analyzed and compared with classical boost
converter. Advantages of Interleaved Boost Converter compared
to the classical Boost Converter are low total harmonic
distortion, low input current ripple, high efficiency, faster
transient response, and improved reliability. The waveforms
were obtained using MATLAB/SIMULINK. Using the simulation
results, the best topology is concluded. |
|
|
|
Title: |
The use of
cement kiln dust as partial replacement to ordinary Portland
cement in hollow lateritic blocks |
Author (s): |
D.E. Ewa and
E.A. Egbe |
Abstract: |
The effect of partial replacement of cement
with cement kiln dust (CKD) on the compressive strength of
laterized hollow block was investigated. A total of 270 number
of 450mm X 225 mm X 150mm hollow blocks using different mix
were moulded and tested at 7, 14 28 days with replacement by
CKD ranging from 10-50%. The results show that the compressive
strength decreased with increase in CKD content. The 28 day
compressive strength for 10% CKD replacement for 1:8 and 1:10
mixes were observed to exceed the minimum strength of 1.75N/mm2
required by the Nigerian National Building Code for individual
block. The strength of the laterized blocks however increases
as the curing age’s progresses. |
|
|
|
Title: |
Non-linear
behavior of d-type eccentric steel frames |
Author (s): |
Mazen Ali
Musmar |
Abstract: |
Eccentrically braced frames are used to resist
earthquakes as they have the capacity to maintain sufficient
stiffness during moderate earthquakes and to absorb and
dissipate a large amount of the energy released due to severe
earthquakes. The usual steel framing systems; the moment
frames require larger member sections to satisfy stiffness
requirements and have large ductility capacity, the
concentrically braced frames satisfy stiffness on the expense
of ductility requirements, resulting in poor energy
dissipation. This study deals with the eccentrically Braced
Steel Frames (EBF). EBF configuration is similar to
traditional braced frames with the exception that at least one
end of each brace must be eccentrically connected to the
frame. The energy dissipation is achieved through the yielding
of a beam segment called the link, while the other frame
members, including outer beam segments, braces and columns,
should remain essentially elastic. The study incorporates
conducting nonlinear finite element analysis to study the
effect of the link length and link section on the behavior of
D types EBF systems. The study involves material and geometric
nonlinearities. |
|
|
|
Title: |
Enhanced
bandwidth efficiency in wireless ofdma systems through adaptive
slot allocation algorithm |
Author (s): |
K.V. N.
Kavitha, Siripurapu Venkatesh Babu and N. Senthil Nathan |
Abstract: |
WiMAX
(Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access), a
new wireless technology promises to deliver both high data
rates and long range coverage. In wireless communication
channel, the effect of multipath fading is reduced by the use
of OFDM transmissions. Adaptive subcarrier allocation methods
exploit the multiuser diversity, which leads to improvement in
performance by assigning subcarriers to users based on the
channel conditions. In this paper, three algorithms are
discussed to achieve bandwidth efficiency and fairness. The
two algorithms named, fair allocation, proportional
allocations are compared with static multiple access method.
Performance is compared in terms of Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR)
and throughput. |
|
|
|
Title: |
Optimization
of the production of lubricating oil from re-refined used
lubricating oil using response
surface methodology |
Author (s): |
Henry Mensah-Brown |
Abstract: |
Response surface methodology was successfully
employed in the optimization of the production of lubricating
oil from re-refined used lubricating oils. The re-refined
lubricating oil was obtained from caustic treatment and vacuum
distillation of used automotive gasoline engine lubricating
oils. A 23 factorial design augmented with seven
experimental points to form an orthogonal central composite
design (CCD) to accommodate all second order effects was
employed in this study. Lubricating oil additives namely
oxidation/corrosion inhibitor, detergent and dispersant were
used as independent variables. The extent of deterioration of
the lubricating oil was investigated using neutralization
number, sludge deposition and corrosion of carbon steel as
responses. Optimal additive levels of 0.99 % (v/v)
oxidation/corrosion inhibitor, 1.33 % (v/v) detergent and 3.0
% (v/v) dispersant; were used with a blend of re-refined used
lubricating oil and virgin bright lube stock in the ratio 3:1
to obtain an SAE 40 grade lubricating oil suitable for
automotive gasoline engines. |
|
|
|
Title: |
Integrating
road safety indicators into performance road safety index |
Author (s): |
Arowolo
Matthew Oluwole, Mat Rebi bin Abdul Rani and Jafri Mohd Rohani |
Abstract: |
This study suggest a set of steps of combining
different indicators to form a single index which may become a
significant measurement in comparing, ranking and determining
road safety levels in different countries and However, to
create a valuable road safety performance index in terms of
communication, benchmarking, policy making and monitoring.
Many composite (multidimensional) indices have been developed
internationally and used in different aspects of life to
indicate a progress or achievements between countries. They
cover environmental issues, sustainable development,
globalisation issues, agriculture, economy, information
technology, and more. Taking the specific road safety case
into account, this study describes the different steps that
are essential in the construction of a road safety performance
index. The selection of indicators and data preparation are
described, the issue of weighting and aggregating indicators
is discoursed and the degrees of the index in terms of ranking
of the countries assessed. These steps are illustrated by two
weighting methods of simple average and based on theories
using performance indicator data for ten African countries. |
|
|
|
Title: |
A new
methodology to estimate deformation of longitudinal safety
barriers |
Author (s): |
Marco
Guerrieri, Giuseppe Parla and Ferdinando Corriere |
Abstract: |
This paper presents a new high-efficiency
methodology to estimate deformations of longitudinal road
safety barriers, whose monitoring is a necessary condition for
the maintenance of high safety standards. The methodology is
based on the analysis of videotaped sequences, obtained by
means of two matched video cameras (“stereo head”) installed
on a vehicle adequately equipped. Two different theoretical
approaches have been defined: monoscopic and stereoscopic. The
new methodology has been used to empirically evaluate the
longitudinal safety barrier deformations on an Italian road. |
|
|
|
Title: |
Changes in
the sumampa streamflow flashiness in the forest-savannah
transitional zone, mampong-Ashant, Ghana 1985-2009 |
Author (s): |
Kotei R,
Kyei-Baffour N, Ofori E and Agyare W.A |
Abstract: |
The Sumampa stream is located in the Municipal
capital of Mampong-Ashanti in the forest-savannah
agro-ecological zone of the Ashanti Region in Ghana. The study
investigated the changes in the flashiness of the Sumampa
stream as a result of increasing human activities in the
catchment by assessing the stream’s pathlength and
Richards-Baker’s new flashiness Index (R-B Index), annual and
decadal variation in the flashiness Index using daily flow
data from 1985 to 2009. The daily flow data was generated from
the stream’s daily stage data using the stream’s rating curve
developed by the Department of Hydrology, Kumasi, Ghana. The
landuse change scenarios and the rainfall trend coupled with
43.8% of catchment land on 5-10o slope represent a
potentially high erosion risk and an important factor to
influence flashiness in a fast expanding urban catchment. The
stream R-B Index dropped by 12.15% and the flow pathlength by
13.89% in 2000-2009 decade. The total decadal stream discharge
also decreased by 35.22% in the 2000-2009 decade. The daily
stream flow hydrograph shows a decrease in the stream’s
flashiness between 1989 and 2006 after which it increased
above the mean period flashiness index. The increase in R-B
Index after 2006 was due to rapid expansion and rehabilitation
of urban facilities and is regulated by a sharp increase in
agricultural activities for livelihood. |
|
|
|
Title: |
Mitigation of
interharmonics due to voltage source inverter fed asds by using
combined control of passive filters |
Author (s): |
Vijayakumar Arumugam
and Mahendra Babu TK |
Abstract: |
In this paper, solutions to mitigate
interharmonics produced by voltage source inverter fed
Adjustable Speed Drives are analysed. A new scheme called
combined control of passive filters to mitigate the
interharmonics effectively is also proposed. Interharmonics
are generated because of overmodulation of inverter or due to
unbalanced load. The effect of load unbalance on rectifier
input current is analysed and simulation is carried out in
PSIM software. First, the effect of dc link inductance on
input current interharmonics is analysed. Then the mitigation
of interharminics by using combination of two passive filters,
One is at ac input side and another is at dc link are analysed
and simulated. The effective reduction of interharmonics is
proved. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |